tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-46076777785548603782024-03-19T02:19:08.296-07:00kindergarten cafeteriasister blog to Preschool Playground. after graduation from preschool it is time to move up to big kid school. welcome to the kindergarten cafeteria! grab a plate full of intentional teaching here!Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger52125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-40573547397154082462014-02-02T13:27:00.002-08:002014-02-02T13:27:44.230-08:00Winter Weather Science for school or for Snow Days! Shared with our parents on our classroom blog.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The weather forecast does not look promising for next week so we thought we would put up another blog post on winter weather science for you to try at home in case we do not have school due to snow on Tuesday or Wednesday.<br />
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Materials you will need:<br />
vegetable oil<br />
glass jar<br />
food coloring<br />
ice cube trays<br />
paper<br />
crayons or markers for recording observations<br />
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First, freeze some colored ice cubes by mixing food coloring and water and filling an ice tray. Stronger colors work the best. Place in freezer and wait. You may want to do this step the day before and place colored ice cubes into a zip lock bag after freezing so you will not have to wait to start your science experiment.<br />
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Next fill the glass jar about 3/4th full with vegetable oil. You need to leave room for the ice cube(s). Place one ice cube gently into the jar. It will float on top of the oil.</div>
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Now, wait and watch! Have your child work on their writing/spelling skills by drawing and labeling the steps to the experiment. Also, have them record their observations by drawing (with detail) what they see happening. Ask them before they put the ice cube into the jar what they think will happen. Some questions to ask are:</div>
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Will the ice cube sink or float? Explain why you think that will happen.</div>
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What will happen to the ice cube?</div>
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Why do you think the water is sinking to the bottom?</div>
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Why doesn't the water mix into the oil?</div>
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Which is heavier, the oil or the water? Explain your thinking.</div>
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What would happen if we put another ice cube of another color into the jar? </div>
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Asking these questions and asking them to expand their answers will increase their vocabulary and will help them with their critical thinking skills. Predicting is used in reading and is a skill they need to practice to be proficient readers. Asking what they think will happen next will help them learn to think ahead of what they are reading and that helps them decode unknown words. Science is a practical way for young readers to practice this skill in a concrete observable way.</div>
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Here are some pictures from the experiment we did at home to give you a visual reference before you start the experiment at home. Take pictures, or even better, let your child take pictures. This will help them with perspective, examining details and close observation so they can draw what they see. This helps them in their writing (early writers rely on the pictures they draw to help them remember what words they want to write in their stories). The greater detail they can draw the better writers they will become (they will add more descriptive words to their writing making their writing more detailed, rich and interesting).</div>
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What happens when you place two different colored ice cubes into the jar? Watch how they melt. Talk about color mixing. Observe and record what happens.</div>
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Look at the experiment from different perspectives. Hold the jar up to the light so your child can really see the water drops.</div>
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Let them look at the drops fall from the bottom of the jar, from the side and from the top. Do they notice anything different? If so, have them describe to you what they noticed new by looking at the experiment from different perspectives.</div>
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If you have a magnifying glass let them watch the water drops fall through the magnification. If you do not have one, set your camera or phone camera on micro and let them watch that way.</div>
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Do the colors run together to form a new color or do they stay separate?</div>
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Enjoy this cool winter weather science project! This is a simple way to get your child to practice their verbal, written, scientific and observational skills while having fun! We hope this will help you keep your child learning while stuck inside with winter weather. You can also "paint" on paper with these ice cubes or use salt to see how they melt. You can build with them by sprinkling them with salt so they will stick together and then place them outside in the snow for a great art project! Check back soon for more winter science!</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-39061088214769192192014-01-23T16:47:00.001-08:002014-01-23T16:47:48.750-08:00Science at home for those really cold winter days<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Here is a little science experiment you can do at home when school is cancelled for snow or wind chill. You can use this to help explain glacier melting, the Arctic, the three states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) and how applying salt to the roads helps to melt the ice. You can also show how melting ice causes rivers and rivers can erode the ground and make valleys and canyons (like the Grand Canyon). You can pull in videos from National Geographic Kids and Discover Kids to help them understand these concepts. You can work in some geography work by showing maps on Google Earth and other sources to show where glaciers and canyons/lakes (like the Great Lakes) are caused by glaciers.<br />
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Unfortunately the weather forecast calls for much more cold and snow for the rest of the weather so families, you will be (and always have been) their first and most important teacher. Reading, doing science and writing about what they are doing when not in school will keep them from losing valuable skills they learn at school. We may have many more "snow days" and the students will need to keep learning at home during these breaks. We, the Kindergarten Team, greatly appreciate your time and support in working with you children at home to make sure they don't lose skills and continuing learning even during snow days. We promise, they will love this experiment and will be glad to step away from the TV and video games to do this activity and other we will post. Enjoy this post and we hope it helps you make the most of these snow days!<br />
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Take balloon and fill with water. Place outside or in freezer.</div>
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Take out of freezer or bring in from outside and shake to see if frozen. You can either make a solid ice ball or you can make and ice bowel if you don't want to wait for the entire thing to freeze.</div>
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Ice Bowl. Explore it, hold it up to the light, touch it and write about what you see. Document your observations or draw what you see.</div>
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Ms. Berghoff (Ms. Arrendale's Buddy Classroom Teacher) mixes up some food coloring and water in primary colors to use on the ice ball. You can talk about primary and secondary colors and use the ice to mix the colors. You can also use Liquid Watercolors (which do not stain like food coloring) to do this project for more brilliant colors.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzsOIxuSKMaAWVhyphenhyphenqZbm29OXOb7SvO85CyXcs9NFN4J2SYmZ6eVv70Jo8rHw07GQxgPTuQR6wcn4TPNs_zNEore7pd1BuM_cGtJdvv4iNhiBpXYeUNEA_MMHcDqNjUhsZiQ1J_hU97b2sa/s1600/20140123_162018.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzsOIxuSKMaAWVhyphenhyphenqZbm29OXOb7SvO85CyXcs9NFN4J2SYmZ6eVv70Jo8rHw07GQxgPTuQR6wcn4TPNs_zNEore7pd1BuM_cGtJdvv4iNhiBpXYeUNEA_MMHcDqNjUhsZiQ1J_hU97b2sa/s1600/20140123_162018.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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You can use eye dropper (best) or spoons to put colored water on the ice ball. Do this without any salt on the ice ball.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicX88MgHeYyCYJlbBOoS4Np_jQOvEKbHRzpa6oW43wIrFwyLSJcCEx_Sjx9KXDFGIq6020RyDf8THMzgXjpdtKDbusOgZSyJBEuUrc7AZXTkvtbz1UJJPnfAljxuATMyy46ItTTvhKoUXM/s1600/20140123_162056.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicX88MgHeYyCYJlbBOoS4Np_jQOvEKbHRzpa6oW43wIrFwyLSJcCEx_Sjx9KXDFGIq6020RyDf8THMzgXjpdtKDbusOgZSyJBEuUrc7AZXTkvtbz1UJJPnfAljxuATMyy46ItTTvhKoUXM/s1600/20140123_162056.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
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Next, sprinkle salt (table salt) on the ice ball. Observe what happens. Listen! Ours crackled and we started seeing cracks in the ice. Ask questions! Document what you observe.</div>
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Start dripping colored water on top of the salted ice ball.</div>
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Drop a few drops of food coloring directly onto the ice. Observe what happens. Is the ice changing? Does the food coloring help you see any of the chemical reactions that are happening?</div>
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Continue spooning on colored water. Keep a careful eye on any changes in the ice.</div>
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Take pictures or draw (with color) what you see happening to the ice ball.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmEJhkLZdEyBQUb2NMIVB1f3Mum5cAjkG3ajmVkmFOJBZGrxODAhwysW6kVW8Kxu2G-DG8VIkhnSuj3bekdVTRHhwotaYBongpJRDR_V1ZAMMb6Hs-Vbwf1gCOQP7XhlvDQCw3i0A1Wsjz/s1600/20140123_162326.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmEJhkLZdEyBQUb2NMIVB1f3Mum5cAjkG3ajmVkmFOJBZGrxODAhwysW6kVW8Kxu2G-DG8VIkhnSuj3bekdVTRHhwotaYBongpJRDR_V1ZAMMb6Hs-Vbwf1gCOQP7XhlvDQCw3i0A1Wsjz/s1600/20140123_162326.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
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Hold the ice ball up to the light (adults should do this, the salt and ice are very cold and could "burn" their little fingers, or have them wear gloves if they are going to hold the ice ball up to the light). In a solid ball you will start to see tunnels forming into the ice ball. The colored water helps to highlight those tunnels.</div>
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Add more salt from time to time. Get a magnifying glass and really look at the ice ball. Document more of what you see. Take close up pictures!</div>
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Look at the ice ball in the light. Shine a flashlight through the ball.</div>
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Now you will start to see a lot of melting and other activity going on with the ice ball. Talk about the water changing it's state from solid to liquid. Water can change according to heat and cold. If you are brave save all of the melted water to boil later. Explain that the steam coming out of the pot is the gas state of water.</div>
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Ask if this could be considered art. What makes something art? Make an art piece inspired by the ice.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1LYo3LsnR9las0T3bRKsdBBxu82Dw9GzomFtRwoTHyNx1rqFeXWzde94bNefglCZC02g9QB8WH_CMOpVvw42jjyLJyVOUAbd9_zeBJnKQ2S0cLq0atFelqLGq1BmkLGHVbVzNN6HgJP1k/s1600/20140123_163748.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1LYo3LsnR9las0T3bRKsdBBxu82Dw9GzomFtRwoTHyNx1rqFeXWzde94bNefglCZC02g9QB8WH_CMOpVvw42jjyLJyVOUAbd9_zeBJnKQ2S0cLq0atFelqLGq1BmkLGHVbVzNN6HgJP1k/s1600/20140123_163748.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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Really look at the tunnels and crevasses caused by the melting water. Talk about how the water erodes the ice, water also erodes land and causes rivers, canyons and lakes. Look up the Great Lakes and explain those were cause by massive ice sheets (glaciers) that moved across the land a long time ago and was so heavy it carved out the Great Lakes. As the ice melted it filled up the Great Lakes just like the melted water from the ice ball is filling up the container the ice ball is sitting in while you do the experiment. </div>
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Talk about how the ice ball changed from solid to liquid. Have your child explain what they think is happening and why. Explain the role of salt and why we use it to melt ice on the roads. Write some more of your observations down. Take more pictures.</div>
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We hope you enjoyed this little demonstration of a learning activity you can do at home with your child on a snow day. Have fun with it. We promise, your child wont even know they are learning, but make sure you tell them how impressed you are with their scientific knowledge! They love to be called scientists!</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-44436242408758513102014-01-23T08:37:00.000-08:002014-01-23T08:37:20.535-08:00Stuck at home with yet another snow day? Go to our blog and grab some learning ideas and videos to share with your parents to keep learning going at home!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Ok friends at home with kids. I just updated our Kindergarten blog with
lots of read aloud favorite books from You Tube, number songs, letter
and word videos and other such stuff. You can go to our blog and look
under our pages and just click the link for some on demand learning for
you pre-k, kinder and first grade kiddos. I hope this helps. Go to <a href="http://www.prekindernews.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">www.prekindernews.blogspot.com</a>
and get some great learning ideas for the day. I hope this helps your
day go a little faster and helps you keep the learning going at home! Enjoy!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOIOeo_KE52cW0CaBkColu9gOrCmiSDfJ989W6GG18QX3EVsDmYVJSoofN0b2ZxuZoY8qF3tc6dKqQTzOjS4RA86UP4FHStFp7Y6ApVJSGBmMq1wINIwqrvkbM7pkcVKF7rJxSu_pFKwM/s1600/create_A_Snowman_assembled_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOIOeo_KE52cW0CaBkColu9gOrCmiSDfJ989W6GG18QX3EVsDmYVJSoofN0b2ZxuZoY8qF3tc6dKqQTzOjS4RA86UP4FHStFp7Y6ApVJSGBmMq1wINIwqrvkbM7pkcVKF7rJxSu_pFKwM/s1600/create_A_Snowman_assembled_2.png" height="320" width="237" /></a></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-80937962173839440062014-01-08T09:18:00.001-08:002014-01-08T09:18:53.205-08:00Freebie for 100th Day!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<![endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></u><span style="font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">I made this little freebie for my followers! Enjoy. <a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Cute-100-Day-I-Can-Read-100-Pages-take-home-form-1050370">Here is the link</a>. </span></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">I</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 36.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> can read 100 pages!</span></u></b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: David; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.9pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 47.85pt;" valign="top" width="64"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Every time you read a page just add a
sticker or draw a smiley face!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Turn back
in on the 100<sup>th</sup> day for a special surprise from your teacher!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You will be 100 pages smarter!</i></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><img alt="" 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R6mQnxcuW+9hxtytJTFYwNsO6sRnPAXkxZakhJ4iKS5IpFRCasvfSMv9qQyI/zQdtHRCUwsjJT/SvwZDy7rJed6Iyq+DQ+fail8E2wn8pSbVZWS8PKF0iNBmi9Sjo+/lZhSjggRFXxcVVX1qUjy8vJuXrsizXvRR53bU5XbVvb6jfPfo9NjwXwbGKd3EfIeXj/rBrnnp8Ejx/3zk/s3WqtywDxrr58CRhtHqaUPrp8TvPat4IM7DSgkmGeBwToOjH0ks8yEIJfz//hPCX6u5a4aMEJ796s5lruVvvDN70N0Hgrf+iExxA3Msfb6asEMc5BaxnfvOpTvnK8Gj5cat47wlfNnfoLBYJwKZ2VlGahK99VmNGMSu2uQJlqykR42u1MtjmbaCuL8TuZqiGhX5Gv3tFduHUREdw2ysxphoCYdG2AzzSgqSPInF8aUpASKC/DSyuM7qxFBzkai/Nz5Cb4FSX7ayuKtVSmMSlgjOqG2MKaTiNCDSiaFO7YdOPmWiqQ2PLyfkmlvpOJlq8OxaayqlJKUwDB30+4apJW+kpetzmhjXkyQtazAY66bv4V7mk00FVBL34gJPKitrf1jJBsbG1qqyoZqChpPf/XT4HFUvH3zl29z3oaChTbQTwFzrChve7HbPwZp8wrc+Je8KP9EcyWYYey36Ti9i5B749I5e0P1+XYimGEehXFwT2NvdZ4I/wNaCRxMtxxqz14/BYzSZll4Pq5rlpJXRO+ezngdAGZb9/opHCo9lJJHd69qPD0fovNQ/N7PcQEuehoqu7u7MzMzQs8eNWESmVhYBzEVHuWsLC28NUgF43Qw2czApL8NdLY3UjfRVDTWUHgu8exNoO1US6GZtryHjXYPGdlGgKdGujx7dBcW7jRIzWrDp8qK8mW/8VrpQjmZq9kaKveS0xtR8drK4olhDsMNOZZ6z1/5WXHiLgYWRi2Jg0U4NaISkiOc9KCSHcRUJjYZl/VSSeqZjOhjRLRbZqyHlpJ4d01aGwHOrIJVZb0U4rtfgQzrp2SQC2OEnz0aGRn5AyRZWVn+jhYqEnz28jfdIHdv/vKPhFBPMN8GBurAYN3ucIOq9DM9gfM8l74114asD1DBZPO7Zh2gbPeQp+hoMNEERmlHm/ud9NWCoXowQgOjjcdv6KsFM0x8dvyNc99eOfO3Zkw6mGh696tZZhsxn+fGr0Yil57ePttHKkqP9snOznZxcU556dxdg2zCJDCxMHnxJ3UFSWCasddXCwYoYJwOZplgshkMN6x11dBQSAmBh2+CbKmlb9TkhdUURFRkBNUUhEtSArtJaVlvPNsJqZHeFrKifC6WGpKCD0j50d2kNES0q6IEf09Nel9thqq8cHqMBwuf0lyRREPFq8oLq8gKkQtfp79214VIthNSO4ipqZEu4gK8hNyoUngQVE4owNGgsxpBRyc0YRL7ajPCPcygckKdREQPGZkV5wWBKP8BEkNdDeSrANF753zVuO6c/8dLL3swxwKDVI4SdFRln//hr7cv/POljwOYavmw3cFAHRilgYG6E2AcvW2Q+t5HjtwPplrQqdGwUA8wRN0bqNvrq93tq93rq+VQaShDnPv+rwK8t3ZHaKvt+Du3bshJPO0mIZswCZ3VaRGeptZ60A+1E3CeMkQFs8w+SjFERsRIQyblpVNi6Avka7dSeGCYu4mGoijP7evBLsZTLYWwcEcHU9WqrJd1JXGd1Qhc1ksJgQeIKFc/R305Mb4mTGJLRWI7IfVtsL2agshUS+FEU4GzhbqjmWovOb2LlNaGh7tZaypIPFEQ53cyV2+pTGrGJHKQDFKzAp0Nv/v279lvvDqIiD5KhpXecyQS+btIaDSal61RwAsTyMMzDy5/5+9gBmZbwRD10C41l6cqiD8j5SaAOdbh9S+XvlowSgPTLWCa8V4IMNUCZlv3DkhwZLeXvNdLBlPNWOTrmpx4MEYHY41KkoKJYQ49ZCTHQyiI8zOP6taJT5xo2huoy4kNtNGHGqjK6qvKmmgohrpYMiozJuiY55KCdsaQyoyw6vxoOyPI7au/ZsV5jjfl5yf6qSuKmGnLU4pje8lIVlVKHyUDlRYiLsAb6m7i56Av+pSHUhxLyI1SlRfKjfceqs9uw8NbKpN6yOlMXDITl9xFSuusRvg56mkqSha8DVFTEGnDw1txyTRUvJjw08Oc8TgSd3d3bHqMnAD35e//y8vWCEwzwFD9e+Z+oA6MN4HJZnCsG47QwEjD5yIBo7RhSrG2kpSBqvxUI+rwG3aPYHgnPfsCxulgtBEMN7SikcpSAj1kJC47ItzdxFRbzkpXBUwzwB8+d5AKphlgommnr3a7lwxGaGCGCcbpYKJpgYUPcbHQhUjrQqTf+Dvhc+LlxZ9a6Coiol2KYP7Zb71eepvrQCSgckIvvcxri2JK4YFuVppuVprVedF1JbGKkk/tDNUNVOXUFUUDnQ2QMe5oZEhlRlhuvHeouwlERsBAVX6GUQkW2nQg0ohXrm14eC85I8jZKCoq6mQkWqrK80ysyBNuX3tjMNUChqic1tk9tB79lA+NEhijzzOwi0wcGPvAPXykXQbqwAxDFyJz6tSpU6dOWetBD535/hOPYODITk/NTk/NPpjJlmhPW2873aw4T1mRJ8Fu1g+5blWkRYNpxmdUYLAODNSBERqYbQVTLaCfAoYbwAwDDDeAoXow3QJmmIusqqQQd3tDdRt9qJ2hmr+9SVVGbE1eoou5jqqcqKGajKuVpqeNjqXec1nRJ/AIT7DQtjdIrcmJD3a2sNGH6qnI6KnIWOgoe9kYErPfcpQbzDAK3oYYqst0kdIYlTAaKl5SVGBtbe0dkq2trcHBwerqaktdCJhtXesgcvwBx1ZwhNNVD9tr/99+CphsxqXHnP3phwtnT9fmJ37MaHxo32cYNvqqHCSe1vpghvFOOfYZkHd6ana6STtdpJ2u6p3O6u3O6p2u6p0uEhhpsNBSivAyU5IS6KeUgJEGEw3FlTb855pTMNywxMTBQt2rMmIOI/J37q2vFgw3gBkmmGaA0UYw2QxmW8FkM5hsBjOM1XZCOzYLh3xdGB9KyolfasWBaQYYqAODVDDZBOZawXjTdi95q7sGjDTsf3Cgbq+fAobql1l4ZWlBYl5US0VSb23GCxMoZ+HEKQBATk6OmrKCuZHGA+67SSGuYJoBBuv2+mqP9dB9eZ/NXj8FTLcoSwlxmlVDQQIstH1Wcywwcb52RkFOZivtBDBIfZ8HB0b1dgdxu52w3UbYbsNzZK+LtNyEMVaTtTZUiva2B3vDpbBwNwtdMMM82mlOkA8UZXesUV1B/NSpU//5n/9ByIr7iJIdC0P2zfVsKxikgqWOfSN/giJSwSD1BNMy2+psphXlY9FBRLTh4WWIYD0dbQDAKTKZrKMsvdJDBlsDfvZG2LRoME7/iLk4xgb01YKplvggl1OnTp36P/8n9aXXp9uNd31wlglmmGCQunfEZ+z0HMDgYGBVbbfitphYjoAuUjcaaQiV9rTTifFzAHvDvvbG+W+DwVTzyST6avf63qn4bl/tLqddhuq3+ylXLp3ndKn4IGewwPrU/jRI3R6kvjDS+PWXM9Z60M2BuqNh5B9/fJpRnBhmrqMwSsttrUph4eEKUsIrKyuntDTU5xmVYJoBhqjWutC2igww1MBhcGgutjurdzqrd7pIO92kne738fSS9/opYIhKyIqryY0HIw17A59hNA5l95i96iZtd1ZvtxM4JDYZ2M2Wyo0mzAYdvdGE2WjCgA4iNSNGT0USkx6qIP50joW31IH0EHLASAPH2J6o4nv7+k1+5x37KWCyKSc24PKFs7Ki/NPNFZ8epICJpk5c1qmD0lKeCiabj77O8YjxWLYwShuvLxN4zOVhq4VBho7T86z0ntNotFPSYiJgrBEM1S8zsaYaz+foaNBX+56taD80F4TtDuJ2B3Gnq3qnm/QOTC8Z9FPAZDOYaj4xHQEcBR+ng+GT33a3/8Cl9+7z2Oms3m4jbLOqthjYzZaKDTp6nVa+1lC2Vl/KEcCqQscFGahJD9dnh7mZiPBxQ2VFN7prQD/lmHIfyocqvnegLmCcvtFNAsP1RwPxP0Yy0jDXirt97fKpU6euXb443VIBRhp2f99svhco9VPAYB0YokJlxVzMdRTEnqbHuCeFOaSlpZ2ys7VmVaSD1e4ZGtpUQ3Gzg7DXRdrHwKraYmK3mLjDf7dbcdusKg6bna7qnR7SO135oBccajcYp/eR8in5iSN1xWCC/iE2DpJ9Hj01h/Zqi4ndbMZsNKLW6kvX6orZtUVsciFHQEtldrCrha5iJzG1l5zu76SvB5EBE83vPFA3aaer+j3hXDzSk97ziMP1n2V29vope30UMEobqy8tTAgdphSDEdoepx2ORENHZe/oEzmZ72Szk6lWFyFntLkCIiv80ss8MvLlqeHhYTlxYWoZoqMyw0RNYaezeqeDyLHamy2Vm82YzSbMJh290YTZbMJstlRsMbBbrbjtNvx2O2G7k7jTfUCl7yQqg3Ub/ZRYf0cPG4PYUHdvO0PkK9+d4fq996nsvq8i253E7TbCVitusxmz3li+Ri1h1xatkvJXibmr+JxVfM4qIQfQylO97GwMlTqIqR14eFLYCy9rAzDRtNNN2j5U8Q9k552Kk491phP70ydQ4aS6DDBKO5Y8fUwOjCeYaglyMs9/Gwx2h6K97PRVpcJDg08BAHp7e1/Y2ysrykIkhUFf7Q6rarOlcrMJs96IWm8oW6vfNxfrDWXrjagNOmazpWKLid1mVW23E3a6qg/73YchDRhuGK0ryXztB0ZpYK51t78uK8Z/kYk71h93j3mRdsI2q2qzpXKjEbVGLWXXFq5W561UZS9jM5cq0pcqM5YqMwClOMnF8oUJtJOY2k1MtTNUDnYyA+P0nX17i99iVW214rZacVtM3P4PrKr9nrSv4jV/qOJ7/RQwRAVjjWDk5CGi3aP96cPA/Zj0HHfDYKolOcw91s8R7A7H+DoYqEmFhwS9SxXZbLaeigLoJW8zsBt09HpD2Rq1hE15ZyvYtUVrdSXr9WUbdNRmc8UWE7vdhn/v9ThaeeyVBurAWCMYqNvrqwWDVDDWeGJf2ztqtdoIHJO1TitnU4pXq/NXqrKWK9IX0WkL5YiF8tRFFGKPlJ/oaG5vrNJFTO0kwJ/w3nrlaQtGaYf29lDF9/W7ueJdT2rDv9eZDv3Khxow1shuJzSVpfYS88AoDQwf9zTHopLDV9jprN7uJHJc76HscDKqHtKRbLc5Ny4wzt9xvpMEkRGO9rUKCQ5+h2R9fV0H+hy0E7aaK9bqy9iUInZNwWp13iph31asEnNXSfns2qK1+tKNRtRmS8V2K267nbDT+TEkn6j+h45ku7Oa40U26Ji1hlI2uXCFkLuMzVhEpy2UwueLk1fKU9cxyB18drKTuY2BUi8pjVoU8+P33771dQDDDVutuP3YrLF8vaFsvaF0naPfDWXrjeUbTZjNlsqtVtx2W9WHnel4RDRGp5cjXhhphHvbB7lYhLlbz7bi9o5mHsez2pr9wORAU7dZVe+EEyJxrP3Bc8FEcwUiSlLwMVRGODHMITfeJzo6+h2S3d1dA021VVr5Nh3NphSxSfkrhJxlXNZSZQbHXCzjMlfw2avV+ezawvX60g06eotRuc2q2u448Ci9J9iuz0bCceyMyg06eo1awq4pWKnKXqxIXyhLXShOXi5N6UmNJIZ77BJy092szHXk+8np6NTg//nv/473dQCDdZvNFRuNqPWGMnZdydFwgE0pYteVrDeUbjS+r+Ld70Uo79VqhEYrTemvKQCzrWCGmfcmKPOVH5hsOspjr+895djPojg2k4HdbKk4lC1GJcd+cgz+dmf1TjcJTDShUyKfPryDTgsZpeW+9rNGIBDvjXGZGhkMoJF7TRh2TcEKIWe5MmMRg1wsRyyUpS6UIxbRaUsV6Sv47FVSPruueJ1WvtmM2eIoSlf1777YFyBhVW0xOAv6z+AAACAASURBVI6khF2Tv1KVvYhBLpTBF4qT9yozQnQhDs+lAKWowNfBUE16oDYdGeVy4exP0a6WoLd2g45aqy9l1xaxSfmrxNwVQs4KPmeFkLNKzGXXFLAp71R8qxW33UbYPqbiRyvfV8vxInt9tWCgDgzVr7ThDwOT90ISDg+OD2vFbTIqNzkpFK18/UA2GlEbTe+74c5qMEHPiwtyMIX2UzK7SWnedjoVFRXvIXFxcSHDI0FL5Wp13jIuawmDnC+Fs1FpK+Wp88XJC6XwRXTaMjZzlZjLJheu15duNGH2u9vBi+39+UgKVqqylzDIhbLUxZKUNRRC+dF9lL8jIOVjQt21lcQHazNee5s/unctwNoAdJPWG8o4PFbw2cvYzHcqjs1cwWezq/PYtUVr9WUbTR+o+EnhyXGneBiVvGeyana6SQdRO26zuWKDjlqnla1RS9fqitmUYjalaI1SvEYtWW8o44DZYuxTAWONCYHOtgZKnUREVzXCWEOWxWK9hyQnJ+etmzVgYlcJOUuV6YvliOXy1Oa3wQNpr5ZLUhaKkxfKUzmKwq4pWKOWbtDRB0iI/5Y7ec+XEA98CXqtvpRNLlwl5CxVZiyiEBuVGXWv/GTu314oTt6uyia99leXExogpwc56CuK8TkZQAGrar2uhMNjqTJjEZ22WJ66UJa6UJ66iE5bqszYV3EKR8UrDlV8vz99eij8noqQdjgDDa04jtlcqy9lU4rZ5IJVUv4qMW+VmLtanccmFbBri9aoJeu08n0qbXgw2uhmpq2tLNZdjegkIlRkRWZmZt5D0tPTY6wkAxiVh0h2cZlBuhBXZWmAzZgvTl4oS13CIFeqstk1BWt1JRt0NOer/00k7wXBXdUH3e0g4iLlL1dlLVWkA3Kho5J0kB4UVOdv4LPpSeGq0gK91QgfGy1LTVlTqMw8KX+TWrJKfBcOLJQkzxfBFjgqjkpbrsxYJeayyUVr9WWbTZgtJm67Db/zTsU/2REeS6T2NZsTqZa+88RVWcvYzGXsgRsm5rHJhWvUko3G8s3miu1WHBilKYkLPJfk76tBNmMSVZVkt7e330Oyu7ur9lxhDp+9WVOwVJmxWI5YQ6cxE0KEb14ZzYxdKU9dKDuqJSV/upYcz0voqDVqKZtcuFqdt1mT358bL3T3Rl/2m3V8zgYxtzMrTk1KoB2b7G2t6WWhbqgswch+u9tQtoLPWToIB+YLk+YKEjdQactl8Pmyk1X8SyLGo1arq3q7nZPYVqzTytfqilc5ZpPjiVFpi6h9N7yMy1ol5rFrC9fqSzfo6F1W1VYH8fqlC1BZwSFKJjYjXE9X84QpLF9fX9QrX9CIWsZmLqLTFsrge1XZppJCYQZqoDpvEZ22hM1YJeSwyYVrJ/mSL0ZyvNMdjqbQONl7IWipdNJ87qqtDBpRK4ScjZqCcVSaurRgQ3FMlLupm4mKq7FKqp8DaMas4LOXMMiFUvhCEWyhIGkuLyHTyawf+WoZlfZOxanvVPzLkOydELWj1+pL2bWFK8RcjtlcKE1dKElZKElZKIUvlCOWKpDLVVmHwRHoIPbjsk7/+L2pptxofTYi0sXNze0EJCwWy1hJCrRU7FtwdNoGLqspIeTZjd9G8xPXCTkrVVlsUj6bUrTecGCO2/CHEddeL/mLRyZOHuNqwqzTygED25r79smd62MY5Ba1hE0uXK8rZtcWacuJVKaF5Lx2N1ASg/lb22oogqYDJGXwhWLYQmHSZjlC+dH9XA+b7arsJQxyBZ/Nrslff4fki/Kqdx3oIB7hjDVwPFlV1mGIOF+YNF+YNF8EWyhJWUQhlrEZq8Q8dm3RekMZ6CXnRHrfuXbR3VJjnJbrYaWZl5f3HpLNzU3OwnpNNehAKXynvnQFn72MzViqSAeUIhc1ecvnkqARxQlafi8v+XeyxRNiSlbVFgO7zcCCdsJz4ScwHzvQTlijlnCyP8DCm0Jlc+I8a3MilcSf4GD+yqJPxtDIjZr85cqMBRRioSRloRi2i818aaTuqCQNSPlLlRkrxFw2ufCILyF8ri85PiJ3gGS9EcWmFLOr81Y4BqYkZb4waaEwaaMsdaEwaf4gOOLYmI2GMtBZ7aAPFXty/6WH6XhDroaiWHt7OwDg1PLyckpKCgBgYGDAzs4OAFBVVeVtogna8JyRvhV89iYpf7Yig+/2tfIob8DErVFLDhIu3L4j+TdTxRPnSzqI2+2EHVYVGG2MdDKDSgiCDuJWc8UGHb1BR+8wsevNGD6uW4hI5z5CqqqMQOFrd2sNWYSfA2jCLOOylio4GRV8DZPeFB8ief/WfDlijZC7Wv2xiOtPQELKX8FlcZAsFCfP5MZnOpmPZ8UulqRwPDEHyW4zph+Trq0gqvNcNDnUob0qRVleirM169T29razs7O5uXlXV5eZmdnu7m5gYOC92zdHKjJ2mzBschGbXMAmFYAmDCE+9P61y0OYdNCO3+R4EdYfD0t8FpIjirI/awLG6VWI6Id3boyTC0EX6d2s4khDaqjr+fPn4RGOw+R0dzM1Lwv1otduWjLC2w3lbE5eVZm+iEEuYZDb1XkQgUeZfi9AI2rfC9JRn5uXfNxwbR4xXMsHhmsHm5nnbi19/9ZyacpiGZxjuFaIuezaQtBZ/drVytEIog+RQMODcBnh+rq6HHN1anNzc3V11cvLi4eHR1pa+vnz58rKyqamppZqCqC7ZoMza0QtXaOWgs7qWFdLId67K3Q06CZtt/7xSPC/Q2W3uwZMNrdWpN+/eaU2Nx6M0LZZ+zO+YKh+loZ69uSJlZVVhIfZIAmZFe0KkeDvQieoiD/BvgkCzZhVYt4KPnulKmsFlwXqSvKDXGT4eXcaURv1peuNKE4MekJg8rlIDtz7JuNdIrVCyFmqzFjGIDcqM+R47+Z72m7jshbKOflD1iopf6u+bIVaoiolmOBvDZUW6CGmRntbvHr1ah9JZWWljo6OlZUVHx/fV199dfnyZVtb2zdv3kAgkJq0aNBD5hiKDTp6q7kC9NW6m2jKCjxms6rAQN3OB2NEX+jbP7QJvWQwzegg5PLcvlaUEAKmW/aHVzuIYJA6VlciJ8z37BGXpqIYPMKpDQujFcXICz8iIEJSAm115MR2WyrX64rZNQXsmvzV6vx1cuFWQ5k0P292qBvoIm0eBoofH+P6uOc7dHuciKsVt9mEWaeVcRKplapsQC2BOZlB+B9sVWUvoZFLmPRlXOYqMXeVXAg6iDBfB1tdxRAH/RdGkAlarpG6zOF67VMbGxvz8/NLS0s7OzuBgYFv377l/GJqakpG5NlKcwXoqt5iYDkzV7vtBDBIdTXRFH/CO0lHg8mm3X/bZH1IBfRTwAKLUpjEdfNKblwQmGEeztru9deudhAVxJ76OxkMUDIn6Pn95PR2XHJnVbKxmnSUu8lAVYqKJH9hpA/orF6jlqxRS9h1JWvUYtCKq06O4Lt3c7GhbK+DcDjKtNP9bnz+M+p/LC/peJdIrdeXssmFO9TS4ZKURzeu0GDhOzUFS9iM5apszjjbFq18jlwoL/QYleSnJM5fnOjbiYcry4otLy/vIzkaAROJRCsrq8P/lpeXG6nIguGG3c7q/YHldsJeNwmM08PcLB9x3awrTgZzrP3lXh/ON3yRgLFGMMuEhbnfu3EFmxEDZlv31zb0kne7a8AcKzXMQxcqOUrLpZbEOVuoayqKvPQ0GyCnBzsZWGnLDxERBbEesoKPF+vLdpi4jUYURzab0KCv1llf1QQqB0Zpux3E7cOJ6i8IFE9YKYDfbsVtNlduNKI2G1GgpQIiwh9qqQea0KuE3NXqvFVSPru2cK2uGHSTvM10PC3UEGEOanJCvdUIfNZLbU3Vw2Z/D8nk5KSmpubq6urRzDHK3RpMtex2kbYPZrD3+mrBDLMMHvn43q1gF4udwTowzQBftDDlPRjD9WChbawJowOREXnC20PKB7PMvSMOBozTZxnYx9y3s994dRBTlWUEzLXlk8IcxJ/xJATZ58R56SiJsTCJfXi4EVTCTgcChuu3mdgtRuUWo3KTid1tJ2y04SX4H7zxfQGmGbufNqv4x0h6ana6DtLbVtw2Awv6aj2M1NUlBXebKzaoJezaIjalaK2uZI1aCjqIFORryWe8reVvVaSfwUJeDNdlJgTbR0ZGnowEAKCrq3tsb7mBgUF6lDeYa93rrX3nyXvIYJoxSUcbqMlLPHtUDo8E401ghvnh2rJPgjFKA/Os9Z6aSG87ntvXfOyNtob290js+/xeMhins/tqpYX4L/96noWHx4e80HguOkDJGKJmZcV5QmUFMYgQNTmhxtI3nVhYeqTLf/zHfxTHBYGxxqMzSGCAOkwpfnD3ek5cAJhjHV+f8FnV5lDpeS+R2u0gglFatIuFyMP7i/WluwzsekPZ/uA8rXyPVbVQXybz7GFBnEd+rKe8KF9rRVIvKc1EQzYgIOBwt/VxJIGBgcnJyUevbG9v62hrZcX4g7m2/SU5veTdPvJeL5mzEqAiM0ZJSkhFVjQ3PmSlsxrMtYKpFjDSAAbqfm+5NBigcCZ9wSwTzDLHGsqivO2EHnOrKUgwcVlgngWG6/f63r08mGpZ7SFrKErl5eUZ6qr3UzI9bXU8bLV7yEg6Kr4RFY9CBKNSgyHSArTSNwxMIrUw5tH9G7x3rrWUpYKxxp0O4sFStGowQe/EZ/Pevo6M8gHzrfvrOr9oqPS9KaxuEuingDF6qJOZwIN7E7XFoJu02VxxKLusKtBdY6gs42GhNl6XqassHu5m0k1EsLAwWLijpa6ivJRIQUHBCUhKSkrs7Y8fi7O5uWloaPA20BnMMMFww96RVR1ggAKmGWCssSLtlZGagpK0sIuFLjo1aryhHIzSwFQLmGVyZuXADBPMMsFcK5hhcpbGdhByUiO9tJWkhPh4zLSVqSVwMMM8tqQY9FPAXOt4M0ZJRrSiogIAoKmqxKpKee1nbawh21ub0YiKp6Pi+2sz4C9d1BWE23DJrZVJQ3WZNvpKZlpy8qJPekkFnJUr+yreXQMmW/pqCgQf3fd7YcxZLf+FxvbAfO31kMFE80ZvrYWWkpTg4+lGFBio2zqY4t0Pi4YbfKz09ZTFewjwqvQwGaFH1KLYDnxKdV50JzF1qrmAjk4Q5ufp6ek5jmRkZERTU/PEg7CcnZ0djDW2BqlgquWDXl8HplrAVEt/bSEs1M1QTV5NXkxNTszBRDPC3TopxDUt0js92icl3OOVj72XraG+qpz4s0dSQnzaSlLwCM/xRtT+RqljK26H68FCG6UkRV5K9PBcTGMjw3JEcCMqXpifuzg5YICa1UtOb6lIkhV9HO1j2U/JqECGIiJdQlyNnUxV06JcZIT4RhvKwWTLu+VbPTVgommxnaADkVGUEGwj5IKFNjBK+wIqu5xFQ3Ot9cUpQo+5LXVUNnvJYLh+fwkEJyDqIoHxpiB7k2e8t1oxid3E1HA3U3Nt+UFKhrWBkpwYn5wYX3KE0ygtNy/e18nR8YRdWNra2r+3Kzs1NVVPXamdmAsW2j9cqAk4XmGGCaYZi604BjqtMCHkpYeNh5Weg7GGraGajb6qo4lmuLtV/ttgBga50obf154R2vHdKv37yhflY6+prjo2NnZYh4yMDFcrzcnmgoTQF0J8XK6WGl62OlLCD10s1Ptq00uSA8QFeIw1ZRPDHNQVRccac0215W78dnGAUgxmme+WBffWcpQ4Lcpb8DG3l53RJB0N5llgounYZtff9X+DVDDZDOZYA5QiKz3oI65buXGBYIoBBqg7PTU73TU73TU7XSQwWAdGaSGOZqdOnUoMtu8ipHYS4CYasklhDkHORsrSAg2lb9JjPET4udHIUBYeLiYqeAIST0/PzMzME5EAAPz9/X+5cOmVn+NGPwXMsX7Pn4PhejBO52ymAnMsMNcK5lrBHAvMt+07m3E6GD7hs6CfAiaawByroRwBlRc/zGkPy/r6uojQ09qimFFaThk8iLPdphQeRCuPb65IMlKXDXE1Hm/Mq0wPU5J+1leb4WCqFh0draqsSC6EgYU2zo6Z3UPlnmudYWC97IwkBB65mOs0lKSAQSqYZYIZBmfF7P66d46MNICJJo4F3h2oq8lLsNCBPOa+42FjsNCKAzNM8P52AzDexO4i2emrPua+KSv6mIWFNaMTmFiYmoJwXrxPpLdFRXpYGx4+3JD9wgTq56A/UJfF//j+CUgyMzM9PT1/D4muJpT/2r+uXr0qLS6Wnxi2N9wA5lkfdvMvEDBIBVMtYI7VSy6yMVA1NjTo7u7+sAJ9fX1SUlKqChJV2ZEDdVlj9LxuEjLa1+rm1YvYzAhdFcn0GI9RWi4KEaIoyd9bm6GpLDExMbGwsKChpvomwAlMNnO29rx77ggNzLVO0NGv/RxUZESVpIQ9bQ1zYgMaS+FTjajN7pqdvtqdvtqNLtIkrbyhJCU92sfBVEuE/4HY04ehblZjjWgwz9pf4nUYrw/UgbnWnup8RbFnfg56plpycYE2o7RczkETEBmBYph/VzWipTKpERXfS053tlD3dzLso2QIP3tyApLu7m4tLa3fQ+Joa94acBtm8Ouj+zfl5OTMjXSRr3yX2vBgnsXZb/iHG0ePkxiigokmMM8CY40N5QhzHYiGuhoej//w0Ww2GwDQ3t5ub29va2sr9OypurKkmqKoqrJ8VFSUtLQ0pTj2pZeFggR/ZUa4ha6inRGkuwapICV6ePhVcHCwtpJsZ03Bh85jf0vOcENrZUZymIeVroq2srSChICUEJ+EwCMJgUei/A8kBB4piAtoKUlFetk1lsLBIBXMtR7dt7/HGXqYbgFjjckRnmdP/xjtY0Ere6siK/g2yN5EUxaDDBmgZBioSgU5Gw3VZzdhEpnYZBYeriD+pBDmTymO1dXWPAHJ5uamlpbW8PDwiUgsTQ0ZvlcB4gEr6K6Z9DVra+vXr19bmhrZG2tUZcUttuHBJAPMtnJ2AoIRGhii7m8+48ggFQw3gDE6mGoBM0ww27o3SO3EZ8f4OWpAFCwszOvq6n6vN8TGxtrZ2fX29goLC0Oh0LW1tampqdHRUc75okFBQYmhDiO0XH9HA4iMoLGGbAcxFRHt6uToePRL6HS6hio00Ml8sQ0PFtrAWON7GjNQB8boYIYB5lrBIHWBUTlSV9JHyu+rzh+mFM82Y3Z6azmBO5hoOraMdn//4yyTUpKirigdERGhoqLciIqPD7Y31ZInF8Y4m6srSvK34pKxGRECj++9CbZjYGE0VLyxpqw+VGqsMS/S2yIlJeXk0yFsbW1RKNSJvzJQk+8Muj4dfWP5Ldca7BHc7KahphKFQmlvb/f395eWENVSEAt2tSlMflVfnjlERa20k7b7qWCwAQw27A7Ur3XXTjXhmNg8bGZiQqiXpZ6KgpSwqalpbm7u9PT078E4LAkJCRISEqdOnfL39z/2q76+PkF+Xkpx3GRLwUBd1jg9n1z4Woj/4cDAwIffk5WVBVVSeOllN9VcCeZYnA1Ux0OMwTowzNmffyDDDR+urgcDdWC0EcyzwHhTfQncREvJ1NSUY3JNTQwbyt4Guxo7m6sP1GX21WYoST3LjfdpJ6Si0kKUpJ5B5YQUJPhNteRbKmFdJKSY4MPjK1QOS3Z2tri4eFRUFAwGy8/Pr6mp6e7unp+fX1xc1BS7MxZ6aTziylj0vZk43p3Ux32vn5nKXA8KCgEAeHh4RCp+FaP0jeXTrw2Ez+lL3tKVeaCnIKD/XNhAWVRfUUhXlk9fhttA/Kqp0I/+sn9LUPlaWUrsD0ns7u6Wl5cHBQW5uLicPn1aWFjYyMjI1NQUjUYfPTARj8fLSokZqcu4WGjoqkjKyUoeO/rmaNnb28vJydHT1nQw1anJT9zoJoGpZjDL3PfqHzW/YJAKRmhgshnMs8BUyyQdnRbto6eqZG1tfXTsw9LCHJ8TFe5pZq6tMM0oohTHSAo+xGW9VJETjA2wGaHl4nMiiXlRg9SskYYcW0MIZ1jlZCRbW1sYDCY+Pj44ONjNzc3GxkZfX19LS0tOTs5Y8F/zUZcGgy+NvLw1FnVn8jX3SsrT7Vz5LBdBTYiMyIMrvX7npiJ+nYm+sZDweCJReACm0JWs1Zas05ai15Gi0weDjCZJzSYJzMVxTUffnI28LHrz705OThw/8Xtlc3MzMjIyOTk5IyNDWFh4ZWVld3e3pKTEwMAAAoG8fft2Zmbm8E4qlYpCoZqbmw/P7Nra2lpZWVlZWVleXl46KJzts2w2G4fDGRoa8vHcczLRSgx3bULBp5vRYLAOTLeAGcb7wgQzTDDVvNlDGqIWEXJiY/0djbSUdTTVExISPjxh/uXLl2+C7GioeGnhR2Y6ClJCD/0dDTqr00SePdHS0tKBSJQjQmjl8RXpYfpQKRsbG86nPvW4zb29vbW1NT8/P5jW91Nh53t9z/QHXhwK/W38FffU2yfzCFmAMykLUlLh/ttw0PnugF8Ho7gnEoTm0+RWi43WMbYblQ6bRK8NrNNqidFiFmQqSWQo6n5v0NWxkAu2ot/ZQB5qKkv84ZHAOzs7ysrKBALh6MWWlhY3NzcFBQU3NzcGg3HiB/38/ESeCZjoGeirauqqaeipaeiqaeipaemraRlp6tqYWig/V1YVkcG/zQ43czRRUtVWVDDXVLE31PC2MYhws3jtaxfn/+KVt22Qk6mrhY6NnqoxVElPXtFUHiooKDg0NPR7Fe7p6ZEUfDhUn00tiQtxM8mK85xqKUyNcnV2cgIA4PF4S0sLdaiSkYHe0cPqP++cYAMVyU7fC6PBv/T5nu73PT0U/Oto5J3Jt/yzSMWdcoMkO0F3ib+OBZ/r9js/FP1gMlF0LgOyWGy2jHZcrnBZwbovox0Wi0wWcrSmkyVGXj3oC7k2EXYxUO7viQ7Sc2VWhjJcAQEBHzlBe3h4+GjVj5aZmZmEhAQoFKqnp1dUVHTsS1pbW+UlpMDgDJhcAaMLYHQBjMyDkXkwOg9GF8D8VgUi29/QGnTMgpYxwBxh03s6cdTq/PJSZG5GfEryqzeJL2PgUW9yYmGoxHQKvHC4oBrUdILqdgt9o4+3WHR09HOppxhkWE8NsouUlhHrISby9PdCJ075DCRNTU1yd74ZCLzQ6X221+f0cOCZ6cirS2+41lP4dvPkAU7fWu4qQvvboYBzPQGXhqO5p5JE5zNVl4pMlzFOK3ifFZzXcqXrUonlQp7OTLLYWMyj/rBbIyG/pml/a61wB1RZ7lZYJNk8VVOWYzKZn16rYwWLxZqamiorK0dGRo6Ojh5eT0lJCXF0B8t7YGIZTKyAyRUwuQqm2WCKDdZASmg00iMEdM6C5iHQMQ76Z8DEElhYB+xdsAHABgBre2B5G8yug5FF0DkJaH2gtguQOw0h6n94CntlZaWxkaGqsjz0uYyFhXl/f//H7/8MJL29vbZWZkbq8rry/DqS9/TErhuJXzaVuGwl9esL2YuOSrdEb33b4Hy6x/dMT9CVkZhH0zDR+QzlxULD5QrnFYLfSpX3coXzUpnNQo7GLEJuLPZxf+i1/sCLlBc/qD05M5WpsVqgDUrUmJFCasLXYmNjP71iH5bh4eHIyEhDQ0MXFxdnZ2cnJydDQ8Nfzl2gFla2Yevq8jFVyMJyWFbhW0RuTHJuPFJZUt5L16oiBlmTkMvKx03WtoLxZTC7CiYXwPQSmF4EU4tgfB4MTYPusT3GwB61G1C6QMOApYr2J54pvb29/YlH6H/hnwHY3d1dXV2dnp4eHBxsb29vamrKy8tTuPfXsaAzHV4/9wZfGY19PJMiOZ+lulhstoxxXMF5blZ7b1c5bqKt1gvUV9Jl5hKfjL+8Phz4S6/Pj2q8f6NHSi6ly00nCa2lPltNFQxWv6KtrvJxBT+xrK2tzczNTczMjExOYUmk8NcxYVFRwaGhEhISChJPzNWlXujLOxnKe5jK+1gqBtlDQh1Vw15AIl00XrpoeVso2ulImkBFjaFyDsZmvXXNYHEdTC+B6SUwuQDG5sDgNOgaA63DoHV0DdsEOub8jGw/8ejiTy9/2p+Uqaqq8pX5x1jgTx1ep/uCfxt7zT0Dl1zIUl0sMFiucNkg+Xdk2hCitMiRkNpQSbLfY5LLVcKLi3ibn8YCvncS+TrL6jrIfLYGe7CW/GATxg0y+Ws8bsnzX83Pz9/c3FxaWhobHe3q7KI10KqJxMrS0uLMrMzEJFhk1Ctf3yB7ex9DQzco1Fla2kVY2OXhI+dbt90uXvI6czbo3C/RZ86knDnj+sNP+s8FcyKNM8IMEYF6MF+tRB+tt15acZ5ar93Uo1w1olw0YL5a1Sm2LfnuNWkOQbbytoZGu7OrYGb5PSQjC6B76q2zn+Qj/kCzFxbP1dFo9J/VhpzypyFxcXYsMPrnoO8Pnd5nBkKujsfwzsCEF7LVFotMNnHOXVm26tJPrXVkbLWl7XRk7HRlrTXFbbQkoJJ87rJn7ES+0+b/KUHvsr/SeRe5C1bivxgIXTASOi90+/R3f/8Hzz2uOzduXr18+crFS1d/u3L/5k2pq1cVrl1XvH1b5foNtWvXVS/+Cv3lvMq5X1TO/aJ5+bLe9evGt25bcvOYP3pkLiBoKS5uLStr/VxJDQI1NTKwsTC3s7Z2sLd3dXbxcPPw9fENCw1/8yYeBoNHhIWZ66n7WymQEfa0bFdDqPRgYxtY2thHMrEAlrZ7qmmaMoq2+iaDTR1JIZFf/89XqXD4n9WGnPKnIdGQE2S6/dTp+X2Xz9nB8BsTsQ9nU8QXMlWWis0B0SXJWdHdAtpWHkorCKQVBDQUBFJzfZuLApFh5lev3Lh29fr1G7d5Hj7lfSzI/VCQ+6HAQz5hIVEZKFTDysLSycHB1dnF29Mr0D8gIiz8VVR0XGzs65jYsIiXAcEh3gEBnr5+rl7ejm7uLl7eHn5+XgGBPkHBvsEh/qGhgWHheeBCNgAAIABJREFUYVFREa9eR72OiY2NjY2Ji4t7Ex+fkJSYBEuCJSfBYIlJsKSkFFhyRnpGaUlpWRnGxsbeCCLckO3qaCCNyysD7B0wvQgW18HSVuqrN5L8gjlxMDC5ClbBG78QIxnlqPCIP6sNOeXPQTI+Pq72+Mch/5/bPX7q9r84HHVvKkFwDiGzkKW6XGq5S3D2M5aI9TGi5/vV5fjV5fpTc/0p2d60HA9ksOFDHl45OQV1DU0zC0srG1tLGxtLGxsLG1sLW1tLe3urFw5WDg7Wjo42Tk5Wjo4WDg7mL16Y2tub2tubOTiYOzqaOzlZODtbu7rZenjYe3m98PFx8vVz9vd3DQhwDw72DAm1dnKys7GxsbKytrSysrC0NLe0MLc0N7UwMTYzMjK1srJ1dXH38w0IDAiMehmZFJ+QkZGpqqppriIQ6QSJD38FNgDYAhNdAyZauvoQtdH6VjCzDobnpmhtGlLybYgSe2ubP6UND8ufg6SkpMRD4q/jQT+3e/3cG/Tb6CvumWTxeaTiQp72SpkVu8LRUVs057VdQ55/XW5AfX5QfX5wbaZXfbYHPMrC9PwvmK+/yf7b3xB/+UvK118nf/110tdfx3/19Zu//T3mm2+i//73qG+/i/zHP8K/+y70n/8K+uGHgJ9+8vvptO/p075nznqfOet57pz7uV/czp93vXjR5cIF51/OO1648OLiry8uX35x6bLT5cvS3/8IleWD+elEO0PD7Z+H2ikFWj/3MpVz0pey1pI0VZPQh0ioyYspSouJCQmZGJvBUxAVFZUvbG3MVZ9G+foCAEozcyUFhGAhUWB8GYwugJ5xML0e7RXw0twRULqMtfX+lDY8LH8OEg9393zD7wZ8f+jwPN0XdHksmmsmWWwhQ2kxX5+Ntpsve2GpKoJKcq7P9aPmBdUXhNTnB9VmetXneKW8tvH75ezSf/3X2N/+NvrNN6NffTX29Vdj//3f4199NfHNN5PffDP5979Pf/vtzD//OfvDD3NnziycO7d4+fLS1StLV68uX7u2fO3ayrVry9euLd+4sXjt2sKlS/OXLs1euDB15szk6dMT//rX1I8/9v/ze6vrV+CvLJj5HpQ0e2qmCy3Hg57n3VIcxCwLaS0PbywIJGd6YVNckKGmXmZyelCZQP9AJDJTS1HEzlDbyfaFmqxie1UdmNsAA9OgZwIMTK92DiuJSY0VVoP6HmNVrc/6U1d/WP4cJJrPRZpdfuz2+qHT+8xA8JWJGJ5ZmMh8uuJini4bbTNV4mgGFcWmutfnBdAKwxoKww6QeKbG2npd+GX8v/+n+y9/6f7mm+6vv+756197v/mm93/+p+8vf+n761/7v/124PvvB3/8cfD06aGffx4+e3b06tWx69fHbtwYu359/O7dsZs3x2/dGrvzf5l7z7Ams3X/P+MoCOm99xB66L13bKgjjr33XhBQOkivYoGxN0R6VbErRSAJVRQUkd5JFwFbnt+LMOXsPfv8z9nj2fP/XrlyBZ7kxVqf6171Xt9lPGhoOKCrO6CrO6Cl1cdg9NLpPURiN5E4jMM1QuEbjfSzMw7U3jz2/NqxmlshL3Ii+EUJwtKUpjvpTXfSG8tTm8pTm0rj28rjCtN2Hty9razsnqebExWPSQ6OVPaJgGEF0DUMdI0A70aA8ans9MzA9duBliFA2LNv7eb/yRr2/1zfAcnY2NhGJ0pfFL4jBNcZRetLNhjNsBNdWyC95SvL2/Dx/tGhEv+9qz2fZYXxC2P5xQmCogR+UcKL2xH83LBrZ4+EsRgj8zW6NDXfQ6HdUGgPHN4LhfZBIH1weD8a3Y/BDOBwgzTaEJM5xOGMaGuP6uuP8XhjPN6YsfGYqemYqemYmdmYhcWomdmokdGIgcGwnt6QtvagllY/nd5LJnfj8eNo9FMwfK2daemlw3W3jldnhby4HS4oTmy6e6alIqN59nVOWJrCL4ytzQ7237N+z74Dng4ujXefAeJPQO8E0DUCvB8FukaA7rGvPeNrl/zUdqscEHQDLYPH1m9XnQv5XvoOSB48eHDCEzocg28Pwbw7SR9IMRzLsBZfWyjNWS0r3DZ1/8hA4eHdqz0rb4XzC2IExYmCooT6wri6vJPCgqjrZ4+EMhmjauo9EEgfEjkAgw2CwUNw+DAMNoxAjOBwo2TyKJk8xmKNa2uP6+pOaGuLLSzEFhYiMzOxubnY2lpsZye2thbb2EicnEQ2NhPGxuM83rih4Zie3oiW1iCd3kck9pJIYgSieD5kwwL7x7dO1OeE1eZG1edHC0qSmisymisyWyoyWh6cb67IbChNFhREmRswbE2sPnWNAFMA0DMOvB8BukZm30cnK65k7/l5PfBqSFnTDjQPJOw5WllZ+der8Td9ByTh4eF5W9G9kZiOYPT7k9ShNN54pq3okqs0Z7WsYPNUxeH+giO7f/Z4nhUqKIwVlCQLS1P4RfF1+TGC/MjrZw8Hs5nj8zX6wOBBNHoEDB6DQsfA4HEodAKBmMDhxFyuWEtLrKMj0deXmphIjI2lpqZSGxuphYXU2lpmYyOzt5fZ2kqtrGSOjlI7O4mpqcTcXGJsLNbTm+ByR6nUISJxkEjsx2DkSOQ1CGL7zx41eeF1OeE1t8NrcyMFxYnCkuSmO6db7v/Scj+j6U56c2nCOh8HV2f3FYt8sk9fBHpFwIgCeDc8GyiD0s2+q2uu5QFtg8rqdqCxLzsiOTs7+69X42/6Dkg2+y5oCMC9C0W9CUb1xDKHTxlPXHASX18ovb1KXrxj6mFAX/6hXT97VOdECYoTBMWJ/KIEfnFifUEsPy/82pmDwSzGBAw+gEINo9FjGIwIixUhkWIEQoxESnA4CZMpYTIlDIZUT09mZiYzN5dZWsrs7eWOjnIHB7mDg9zdXe7sLHd0lLu6zuKxtJTxeDITE7GenojFGmMwhnG4IRxuCIGQwRGnsYT9W33qcoNrsoJqskPrcqPq8k4KihMa75xurshounum7W5SUuDGs2d/WbLQ21CL5O3k2lj2GBifBrpGgWFFdU7JluU/A52jgLBLWd0OCHurzt6Ij4//69X4m/4qkvHx8XUO1P6ThPYgVGcYvi+WNXKKJ7rsJrm+SHp7lbxk1/TjE925B3ev9qrJPSkoim8oS+MXJ9YXxtfmRvHzwq+m7w9hMUQo9CAGM4xCjeNwEhJJjEBI8HgJgSAlEqUslpTLlXI4Ml1dmYGBzNRUZmEht7ZWuLjIHR0Vjo4KT0+Fq6vC2Vnh4SF3dJRZWcnt7ORmZjIeT2psLOFwRAzGOJk8hsGMoFAjaJQMhY7GEY7tX8HPD6m6GViVFVRzO6wuP6ahLK25IqPxzulXFWkJ/utjouOO7N+7b43r4d171/uuupZ8Fhj7CIx93P7zuoeXbgHdYqXgnbK6Hah/33Hr7tEjR78LDJX+KpInT54EekCHovEdofiuKNpAovbYaRPRBQfJNW/prZ9kxdunHgZ05R7Zu3bBi7xoYXFiQ1mqsDSFX5RQl3tSkB9x7fTBEBZjAgIdRCBGYLBxNFqMw4mRSAmZLMFipSSSTFdXpqMj1dOTGRnJeDy5iYncwkJuZSW3tVU4O6sCReHmpnBxkTs4yB0dZZaWcmtruampzNhYZmAg4XAkDIaYRBKh0eNY7AgcPg6BSOCIEwRiaMDaxqKIyhuBlTcCavNOCstSGu+cbrpz5lVFWsrxDccDTxz3P7btJ7vCq9e+yj/qcrWD9x5+llWw6adVyp4JoK1vFsmLztHSqn3b/z92Tf5X+qtITp6Myt6GG4gmvQkn98TrDKXojp+zEF92l1xfJL29Ulayc/qBX2fu0X3rFr7IjRIUxTeUpwnLUusLYmvzogT5EVdPHwhnsyYQyEEMZgSJHMfhxBiMGIUSI5FSAkFKpUoZDJmurkxPT25oKDc3l1tby62tf+dhayu3s5M7OsptbOTm5nIbm1lgPJ7MwECmoyNlsyUUigSDEaNQIhRqDAodhULFcPjYfI1DRGLCye1NRZFVN4+/uB0mKE4SlqY23klvu5eWHrRh/979sdHRe352vJWZWf/w2dY162OOh+hxuMKS+8CgXNnWpxS+U9Z0ANVvPj9t3b1h8//wzsT/if4qki2rfISBxK5wXGcUrS9JfzjdZCLTRnzJRXJ9sTR7hbx41/RD/7e3Duxdu+BFToSq4WooSxMUJdQXxAjyIq6kHwhn0iegsEE0egSBGCeRxDicGA6XIJFSEklKJssoFBmTKTMwkBsays3M5La2clvb3yPDyUnh6Sl3dJSZmspUT62t5ba2cktLuYmJzMhIpqsrZTCkBIKEShUTCCI0egKPH0OhpJqaAxDYLjbrdMLupuKomtvh/MJ4YWlKQ1nqy7upp4PWb9qw8dyZs8E7F+3ZtN7b1eNVVT3w4cv7aiHQOwG8HVa+6lc2dClrOoDK10B9165V6//54rd/W38JiUQiWePE6ouhvQ0ndkUzBpL1R8+YT2Rai36xkVxbKL29Ula0bfqBX0fW/r1rvOsL4xpKkhvL0xrK0gQlSfUFsYL8iKunD4bTaRNz5w0ikSMolKrhkpDJEhxuikj8SiRO0+kKEmmGw/lmYjJpYSGzspLb2yucnRXOznJHR4W3t8LbW+7kpIoVhb293Nxcbm8vt7OTW1jIDAxkRkZSLlfGZktpNAkWK2EyxRTKBIEwhkLJicQuDG6Lnval04dbSmNr807WF8QJihObSuLOhqzftG59Xk6OgzlXV4v9rOQeMPkVGJYAI3KgewzoHPoNifL5K0DQs993/b+xtfN/guTZs2f+nsiRRPrbSFpPHHfolMnYWXNRpo34goPkqpf05hJZ4ZaZh/6vru/eu3YBvzCuoTS5oSxNWJLUUJbKL07k54fPIpk3bwAOH4bDx+FwERwuI5E+o9ECNbU0COSEvn6QrW2gru5lPF5iaDhjZyd3c1M4Oyu8vBTu7gpPT8WCBXJnZ4WLi8LZWeHmJreyktvYyG1tZcbGMkNDqa6uTFtbyuVO6+oCFMoUnS6mUsUEwgQON4bFfiAS2zC4jSaGt37xaygIf5EbWV8Q21wcfStpt72traurm6a62r6t24FPADAmAwZFQN840D0KdA4Dr/uVjV3KFx3KZ22AoCd04+7Gxsb/XyCJi429uRk7FE97F83qS9QdTjcZz7QRXXQWX3CUXF8kvbVcVrBp5uGxl1d37lu3sL4wVliSJCxJEhQnCUuS6/KjhYVR1zP8wmmUibnzBuHwERhsAo+XYLEf8fgUNbX969ffra1t6urqEolah4cvZGfvYLH69fWnnZ3lTk6KBQsUS5cqlixRLFmi8PFReHsr3NwU7u5yJye5s7PC0VFuaSk3M5Pp6kq53I9aWi9ZrCQUSkilfuRyJWy2lEqVYDCjGMwHIlEARayzMMq76N9QENFYEFF7O3T1AksdXf19O3ct19CI9QsAJr8AI9J/QvJeWduhfNYGCHsv+Ef8qzyN/zSSbWuXC4+Tu09Su6KZ/Uk6I6d4ExmWokxr8Xl7yfVFsty1sqJtnx4FNF/edXDDYkFxfENZakNpakNpqqA4sTY3SlgQdfXs0XAqZWLuvAFNzREIZIJCmaFQLkKhiRkZfR8+hIeHO9jb25uYHFuzpkYgKKmpCWIyP1taKuztFZ6eHxYtUixaJPfy+qBC4uKi8PJSeHoqnJwUjo5yOzu5ubnMwEDKYk2RyX76+nH5+fssLMR4vEJbu49M7sfjJXj8CB7/AY1+BoZtcrB4nB12NWarq7WuDY8R6O+fnXVrEwh0NSoGmAGAEQkwIAJ6xoH3o0DnMPCqX9n0Xln75tvzNkDYeyc+IyMj4+9HolAo1rlo9UZTuk7Su+O0BtN4Y2fMJjKtRGfNRJnWkiue0tsrZQWbZir2N1zceWizT0NpkrAkqaE0taEsTViSXJd3UpAfcfn0oXAqZUJNfQAKHYZCJ9DoT2j0cSIx8sqVAAeHbSDQ2QsXQo8cKZgz5xCZ3DowcHzDhh4joyknJ4W7u2LRosnFiycXLFAsWqTw8pJ7eHz09Pzm5jZlbv7F0vKDtbVq3CwzNFSQyf6mpjIACN669SUEAjCZdXj8RjBYisWKiMQRNBpAo0vhSLYOy8FW/2rMlmsxW4JPnEhNO7X1hx/OHPUHJr8Co1JgQAT0jgPdo8C7YaB9QNncPYuk/n39Lzlhof/yrMF/Dkl1dbWfJ1qUzOyKYfUl6Q2nm4yfNRedtxeftxdfsBdfcZfc9JHlrpu5s5OfsfHQpsXC4jhhaYqwJLmhNFVQklxfEMvPDbt8an84nTahCR6AQEZgsAkCQU4mv8bhzmtqjuJw1zQ1Kxsbb928+QwCOYnFCt+/j/Tza9PRmXZy+rZ4sdLHR+rurvDyApYvn1606KOHh8LVNV1La5+xcSadPmViotDWlurrz3C5AB4fpKU1OD2dGBJSBYH00GitKNQRdfVMKBRAoWZwuCI4fNm8eRtBc3YtcBCWx/wSuiY0OCQiOmbXnDlJu/YAik9/gqSlR1n/Vvm8Dah5253z4OiBQ38/kpSU5LIDtE+/6InTuLJM08kLllOXLKcu20xdd/141fHjTa+p3BUfC9Z+u7dDcGb1oQ0LhcXxwmJVoKTwi+JrcyOFBZEXUveGEwkTauoDGhojMNgEkSgikT4Qid+YTIDLvQiD3XnyJOfGDS8QKCU0VAIAu2xsxEZGSmfnCg4nzNAw0MvL39k5QV+/z84O8PY+oaV19ubNHrk8MiUlHYdT6ul9ZbP5WGwECrWAzZbMzGScPn0fCm2lUJarqa1RV7efN68ZAgnQ0PBWV7+rofEZBs+BInaucIsNWB0ZFhYcGXVQTS12zTqlZAoYlc0ieT8KvBsGOmaRfKt8BVS2T1YIdm/Z9vcj8V227KgnKm0VLmMdMWs3p+QQ93GQUVWIIT/SuDHWoi3RqiPd7f35xeNZvo9iFx/auFhQGM0viBWWJAlLU+oLYmpzo4QFEeeT94ThsBNz5w3A4aqptZhEEuPxUgbjq45OFgaTW1Jy7969wNBQBQAc2L+/gEyeNjMLZDBCg4Iq29qqOzraR0dLnj3ba2t7iUyOCQ9v7ejYv2PHsEKxc9GiISLxLgy2bdmy5x0dHT09SqXy/JUrtzQ0ADL5I4l0HgxGgECsOXOiNTXH0Gg5HN4PhUogkDwYwppDDwoJDo+LPwaFRi1a8ln0ARiTAwMioGcM6B4F3o0AHYPKlh4lv/Nb5SvgWRtQ+Xr7qrX/6trg/xySGzduwCFgGhZFQiPIKDgFDSejYTQsnEOAa5MRBjSkMRNtzsHa6uB4DMyeNd4tpfGC4kRVoNQXxL7ICefnhvySuCuMRBKpqw/CYCMw2DgMJoLDxRiMhED4zGSWEQhpp08DAMBvbNy7ZMlNLBawsDhJJJ7Py+vs79+xbNkeBuNnPb2ikhJBSwsLjxe+ehW2enUICHTz2rWnfP6+uXMPenoOTU2FBgSUFhUBAHAlN/eqmtpXOLwCgTimrq4HAhn++OM3BEKGwQzh8X1IZC8MJoVA9qMwoQmJ4fHxJ7DYCEfnj2MyYEwODIqA3lkkyvYBZeuvUfKkDah5u2vFmn++k/o/jaSsrEybjHLQo9nqUOx0KM76NGcDurMB3ZXHdDFkuBgwXHksJz2agy5Vj4I7uHnpy7spgqL4htKUhtJUflFibW6UIC/sfNKeKCJRpKk5qIoSOFyMw0lIJCmROEOnP0ehTh4/DgDAgWPHDoNAgJXVWz29fWvWAACQef78hiVLYteuPerre/3GjQm5fOnPP1c2NMTweN0cTtiuXV8AgEWllldU3Lx5MxEE2oPDjX74UPjw4SU4XIRG71dXL0ci96irc3/8sQoC+YhEjiCR/VBoj4bGsKZmBIeTcuFCWHx8KIkUbmIqHhwHxhXAoAjomwC6x4CuEeDNoPJlr5Lfqax8pXzSCtR1+a3Z/P79+78ZSVpamj4VY8MlW3HJdjoUJwOasyHNxYDqxmO4GzHdjZiexixPY5aXMdOMTTqyZWlLWUJ9YWxDWVrjnXRBSVJdXrSgIOKXpF1RBLwIChuAw0cwmAk0WkwkSigUCYXykU5vweFObNigWjwKCgy8SiA8oVDOnD07NTXV+vZtS09PdUdHzevX5c+ebfvpp5Xe3k+bmpK0tGRaWoG+vtKZGXcvL2F7e9CSJR2amv5OToqZmdKnT8/AYF/pdIBK7cDjN0OhZ9Dog+rqMzjcKAbTD4f3QCADavMiudyUCxfCEhIjGMyTega9b3sA0SQw8Ou85N0w8GYIeNmr5Hd+e/7q26MWQNB7cvvBf77a9T+NJCQkhEfHWXPJ1lyygx7NxZDuYkh3MaC58RiuhnRXHt3DhO1pyvY0YZmwSH7blreWJ/AL44S/DoLrC2KFhVHnk/dGkykiFHoQjx8hkSbodDGFIiGTpVSqgskcolKP+/j0Tkz8cv68EgACduzYDQJVlJVlZWdvRKESjIxijI2TdHXP6+q28HhRnp6Vb94EGxkNUShHV6yY/PzZ19e3/tWrSCenOjW1o1u3flUqix49Og2FfmMwlFRqOBQaj8WOU6kHNDVHCIQxHK4fDu+BQvvnz4/S1Ttz7VpwXNxJLW4sW+t1czsgmQIGRUDvBPB+FHg3ArwZUrb2Kvmdyl+RXDwWqfJ2+DuR7N2925iJt+KSrLgkR32amxHT1ZDuYkhzNaS7GjLceAwPY5a7MdPDiGHMJPltXfryTqKwOIlflCAoTmwoS63PjxEWRJ1P3h9LoYgQyAEsdgSHm2AwxGSyhESScrkyFusDHn/CyqprfNzCyOjMqVOKmRkuGn3h3LlHVVVhaPRne/spZ2e5vf2Qmdkrff2jdHrt69dJgYHLQaDC3FwAAFasWNHc0XFixYpfQKCfLS2VAFD36lUUCvWFQvlAo9WiUO9JpEkKRUQijaPRIwhEPwrVA4H0zZsXqad/Nb/APyoqhsuNJ5H5tQ2AdAYYFAH9E0D36GzD1dqjrO9UPn/17WELUNtVFnv2e80W/30ka1f/bMoiWGqRrLSIDvo0Vx7DlcdwM2J4GLM8jFnuPKaHMdPDiOllwjJiEP22+ry8k1BfEKfKhVDN3huLTp5P3h9LIouQyAEsdgSPnyCTxWSyhEyWUCgyBmOaTA5iMt+KxaFr1iwBg8XT04nJyRb29gAAXMjI8Fu8OHjp0pB1604eOpSRlGRhZLRx69bJr1/vVVW9fP9+eGwsPDw8Kyens7MzIjj41bt3j2tqRDMz/o6OYzicjMWaptM/0GgSKlWGx0+g0SMwWD8M1q2p2TtvXoQhL7/i/rGIyDAtbjIW9/xxFaD4/OuCyhjQNQK8HQJae5WCTmXlq28Pm4Hqt/zM2+HhEX8zEp9FCyw4JCsuyUab7KhPczGku/IY7sYsd2OmuxHT3YjhacL2MGZ5m7JNWGS/rT4tJTF1edGC4iRhSQq/MK4uP7qhMDIjflcshSrCYAdwuBESaYJGE5NIEipVQiRKSaSvdHo4Gn3/7dvozZuvgUCR4eF1b9/qqKuH+/m97O9vGRys7+qqbm9/IBCcu3LFz8YmlEgMDgjIzMxcxGIFHz+eceOGAYv1qLaW39UVtm+fLRqdV1u7z8OjF4n8oKUl5XCkqsUuEmkCjx9BIPoRiG519Z65c8NMTO4+rwyIjApgc9IQ8PtlFcDkV2BQNVX8tXtXbZlUvfr2qAV43t6X8/Dwd5ot/vtIFnq5m7OJFhzib0jcjRhuRgw3HsPNkO7OY3iYsD1N2J4mLGMWKWDHstbSmPr8GH5RvLAkWVCSVJcf3Vh4MiNxTwyeIMJg+7HYYTx+XIWETpcymVIa7ROH84JMXmFuHsdifdHROcVgrLW0rDM1fcblhujqBtnahlpZRfJ46VxuEZc7bm39zdX1KYdTTqeP6ehkammdZDJrKZRkHC4OhaqFwdrx+INo9B0MZopGkzIYUhpNSiRKCAQJhTKBxY6gUP1odA8U2j1PLczM/FFdfVB0zBEu94y6emlOIfBRCQyKgb5fG663Q0Bbn7KhS1n1+tujFuDpK1l57a7N3yft8d9HsmzJIjM2wYJDtNYmO+jT3IyY7jy6G48+23AZMd14DE8Tlpcp24hJOrH7p5flCfWFcbPpEEUJ9QVxTSWxZ+P3RGNwEzBYPxI5hEKNYTASAuEjjTZFp3+lUL5RKF/09XtxODGD8YnHmzEyGtHRmba1/erm9sXBYdrRccbF5Yujo9LdXenj89HLS+7q+tnZ+auz86Sl5Rcrqy8mJp+Njb8aGHzjcGbY7I802mcSaZpIlNBoUjpdSqVKKRQJkSjGYsdhsGEotB+D6UEie+bPD7OwfCYQhick7OdyL/z44+1L14Gpb8CQGOj/dRDcOTS7Pl/T/u1xK/Ck7dPDph1rNvzNSDauX2fCxFtwiNZckr0e1cWA7sZjuPPoHkYMLxOWpzHLw4jpYcz0NGbyGISQfStf3kmoy48WlqY2lKbUF8bX50c3l8adjtkRh8aOQ2F9CMQgFDqOQongcOHcuY0aGilgcLKmZg+JpORyZzicdzjchK4uYGUlMzNTODjI7e0VTk4KJye5i4vc2VmVFCF3cJA7OSkcHWUmJnJbW7m5uYzHk+noyPT0pGy2jEaTMplSMllKpUqZTCmDoRraiUmkCRRqBA5XDYLf//hjmJl5VVNzZGLiXh7vpobGpdTTwOTXWSQ9f0DS1K2s7fj2pBV43Ao8f71n9cbp6em/E8nOnTt5dKw5m2CpRbLTITsb0NyNGB6/v5juPKY7j+FpzDRkEEP3rWy7kygoSmgoTRWWpgiKk+ryY5rL4s/G7UlAoMbhiF4kchAO/4BApKPRW9etW+PqereyMu/Jk13a2qMEQiyFcmTp0j22tuVk8rffduCtrOTOzrNI3N0V7u5yR0eFk9PsDry5uZzHk+nqStlsKZcrZTCkDIZMW1vKZEpZLCmVKmXh2M3EAAAgAElEQVSzpRSKlEgUU6kTJNIICtWPwfTA4V1q6iEWljUtLdHJyXvNzArnzUuPjAEmv/yO5P0fFoPr3iifvgQetQJ1XUfWbf2jI9LfgGT37l2GdKwZm2DOJlhzSfa6FGd9qqshzZ3HcJsdCtNdDBmuhnQDGiFs/8q2O4n1BbENZWlNd8+oklRayhLOJuxLhMLHwOBeFGoIDJZCIIe0tLonJ6eVyhu3bze/epWfn+8MAqWnp0uUysHp6c0rVz5iMr85OMhUYFxdZ3ksWqTw9JSrNhbt7WVmZnJra7mZ2WxSBIOhqn3VJFRCJErJZCmTKSUSpWSyGIebIJFU3XsvEtk1b16wlVXdy5exKSl7rKzvgEDxxwKBD5+BIcksElV38tti8LO2b49aAGHfiQ07X7169Xci2bl9O4+OM2XhzdgEKy7JTofipE91NaS5GtJcDKjO+lRHfaqjPs1Rn6pLJYQfWPWyPJ5fGNdQltZ457SgJJlfGN9UEnM6dncyAjUGBveAwQOamh8hkFAisW1g4P3w8AoQ6JibW//EhImlZWdPzwo7u8zUVNGnT1vMzMYNDD7Z2iqdnJQuLoC7+4y3t9zLS+HlpXBxUbi6zjg7f7W1/WxlpVDl2OnpTenofKFSv9LpUwyGlEqVEAgSPF5KJqteYhxuAo8fweP7EYheGKxr3rwgW7u6trb41NQDzi4VINDJXXsBxWdg+L8i6RicnS1Wzs4WY3ccqq6u/juRbNqwnkfHmqiQaJHsdCnO+jRnfaqLAc1Jj+qoR7HXpdjpUGy1yVwyLurQ6lf3UgTFicLSFGFZqqA4sS4/urE4+lT0rhQ4ahQC6YFCByCQjzBYnKZm3evXWbdvF4NA8VRqXXt7bl7e3crKeATCn0DoGhs7d/FiEZk8YmISwmSeZLOTWax2c/MvCxZ8cnMDXFy+2du36emV02iVBMJHE5PPPN4nLa0mFCpPUzNHQ6MBhZqh0RQkkoRCkeBwEiRSSqdLSKQJInEEg+nHYnshkM5584IcHOvb2hLS0g54ej0EgcLXrgcUn4BhCdAvAnrGfx90vexVCt4pq15/e9wC8LsvHIsoLy//O5H87PuTIQ1rwsSbsgnWXJKDHtXZgOZsoHqnOelRHfSottoUCw5Bi4SNO7ah7W4yvzC+sTxdlTfEL4xvLo1LO7krDY4c1dDogUAGYLCPGMyZuXPvPX9++fLlJz/8cF5Do/D+/S9fvly6fbuQRHpBICTFxnaMjISSSMe0tIprahrfvCl7/nyDg0OnpWWLnV0GkxlGJAZu3Xr+6tWwkJBTOjptBEIAkRi8a9e1vLyswsJj27ZFIBBSHE5BIkmJRFVOpRiPH0ehhmGwPhSqFwp9q6YW7OzCb2tLOX16n4/PUxAoZNGSb9Kp35F0jQLvhoG3Q0Bbr1L4Tlnd/u1JK8DvLjh56vr1638nkqWLFxoxcMYMnAkTZ6VNdtCjOunTXAxozoZ0F0O6swHNQZdqo002ZxM4JGy8/8bW8vj6gtiG8lONd06r1riaS+MTI7anwxAjamo9UOgAFDqJRN5QV79dWFj28GE2GHwPDD534QIAABnnzxdQKJN6en7e3qPT0w4sVlxQkEgqPXvp0pOqqvb+/qUEwk5Pz/SrV7MKClq7uzMyM+/V1i5dutRFW/t5U1Pz69c3T5/OvXx5UCxOu349Dg7/RCRKqVTVMoGYTB7HYoeQyD4YrAcGe6OmFuLuIXj16kxm5q7lP1X/8EOIi9vksAQYkQH9E0DvGNA1Mrvy+KpP2fhe+WI2dehJ+pU/2v3+DUgWeLjNImHgrFTduwHVlcdwNWS4GjKc9GkOelQbbbI5B88h4RKPb3pZnsgvShCWJAtLU1W7WE3FMfGhW86AYaMaGj1g8AAY/AGBKPjxx0tXrlS1tp7D4YSamtEhIQAApCUllaLRAI8XYGw8Mjnp6uFReu9eSnR0oKbmTgJB8PJlZFzcgsWLAQCY+Phxi5FRHhp9Fo+3JJPburufVlVRwOCfQCBrEGjp4sUAABxwcxuAwxV4vASLldJoEip1HIMZRqP7EIgeDY0ONbUQb++G1+2/XLy0dflP9T/+GGptO9EzAowpgH4R0DcB9IwD3WOqjSzgZR/Q2A0IuoDXY2237kRGRv6dSNycnYwYOBMG3oxFsNIi2utSXAxorgZ0Nx7DlUd3MaQ76NFstMnmLDyHhEsK3PjyTpKwNEVQnMgvThCWJNfmRjUWx8QHb86AIUdhMFWUKFCoijlz0lJTOyYmYsjkjjlzgrduBQAgITKygkAAzMwitbRae3qOHD36qLo6YscOkZXVgIXFAR+fN729a9asUQJAampqDpEIODsPcThBP/8MAEDv4GBVXV1VfX1lXd2bvr7HL1/u19eXEghyGk1KoUjweAmZPI5CDaFQvVBoDxjcMWdOiJd3Q0fH5WvXNvuubFRTC+UZd7a8+TosBYakwPvRz28GgJ7xb28HPzS8mW54O/qIP3Cn+v3dmgtBMf+NAeN/AslCT3cTJs6EiTNT9SW6VBcDmqsh3c2QoepRHPVpNtpkMxZei4xLCtz4sjyRXxgvLE5WZZ++yIloKIqKObHhPAY3Cof3wOEDUKgcj3+uoRETHCxRKgN0dXvnzg1YsAAAgJjjx5/gcICJSRKFUt3cfObMmWd1dWGbN/cZGQFeXlEGBjUtLVFRUdKpqbDdu5s4HMDF5QWHkxAR8a67+/jevfEnTsQHBsYePhzo63uISm2jUqdoNAmdLmWxJGSymEQax2KH0OheKLRHQ+P1jz8GL1zU8Lr9Znb2llWrmjU1AxmMzZu37920zdLYdN3SFcd27nWytFmzZPnx3QedrWwPbdq+5adVzpbWh7bsCA0N/TuR/LTUR9WRmDLx1lySox7NxZDuzmO48RiuhjRnA5qjHtVGm2zGwnFIuJSgLa3lifUFsYKiBH5hfH1B7Ivb4YLckJMB6y6hsaMwWA8MNojHS9FowZw5oTt3fgYAP2fnIXX1AAsLAABiAwJqsFiAxztDIj2sqrqVnV3b0BDl59egqwv4+MSw2Y/r6yMiI4dFouhjx+rZbMDauk5LKzU6+t6LF/tBoCE0uhOP7yYQRrBYgEAA6HQ5hSJRRQmRKMJgxgmEITS6FwLp0dB4NXdusM9SYdurgqLirWvX1WtoROAJx48e37h85ZYtW1YtWZaXcXnOnDleDs53rtzGY7EJgSFbVq6xNjOPOOx/48aNvxPJssWLjBiz8xJrLaKjnqojobkaMlTdu+OvDZcWGX86fGdredIskqKE+oK4muwQQV5IpP/aywjUKATSA4cPotFiLLZTQ8Nv8WIAAI6vW9eroRHEYl18+HDn8uVv6XTA3Pw8kXj34cNbt2+fzsxsamvbyWKdZjAO+/pKp6cd3NzGRKIzKSkVHA5gZ/eOy/VfvXoSAA4tWnRaTS0Xi72ERidhMOFcbjKL1YvFKvB4CYkkweNFSOQ4EjkEBvdCoT0QSBsIFLx8Ob+19W7F/a0bNtZAoEk4fEhY+JMnTwAAyMvLi4uL27Zt2549e6KjowUCwblz5x4/ftze3n79+vXffD3/HiTuzg4qHhYcoq0O2VGP5jYbIgwXQ7qjPtVel2rNJVlwCGwS7lzk7pay+PqCWNWyY11+dM2tYGF+WOjRNVcQqFEotBeBGESjx+BwBR5/SF+/+9OnwKNHherqLURiBBh8B4//aGLy1dj4FoGQVVh4u6CASyC8fPeu9f378ufP34tEp0+d0p03r3Ng4FJe3k0mE7Cz+2xqepxEynn8WPLlS8WLFwUPHpRXVj5uarr76pXPtm0lc+d+plKldLoEhxPjcOMIxJCGRq+mZo+a2ksQKMTXl9/S8ujJk+1btj5RU7uAwQhftf2x7DExMd/dOuU3/ftIHKzNbbVJNtpkO12qoz7N1ZDuZsT0MGa68ZiuPIajPtVel2LDJVlpEWl4bObJ3a3lifzCOFUPX1cQU30rRJAXGnJo1XUIfBQG70WhBgmEMTx+mkIpJJFWu7lFstljaPQnGu0bm/2Jw5Hp6380MurR1t7p5LTD27tCS+uIpWV0SMiZxMRDy5Zd0tV9bmCw4aefDnl5vTMymrGy+mhkNMhmHyMSA7Zvv5iZ+cvp0ykRERHbtwdYWFxAIkUkkgyDkRAIEixWjEaPo9FDmpq9amo98+e3gkChK1fWt7Q8ff58985dFWrqORhMYcX9P5Y9MjIyNzf3L1f+n+svILGx5tGxZmyCtTbZXo/mwmO4GzE9jJlephxPY9WmL91Jn2alRcShkL9E7WopT+AXxfOLE+oL4urzY6pvhQrzQ4MP/XxLEzoCgfRAoYMEwhiTKWGzpzmcURJJSSYDZPJXFusrk/mBTpfxeFIe76OJSSeX+0pfH/DyUnh41BsZ1ejrD7m4KJcsmfHyajU1fa+v387jTdrYyExNp4yNZ7S0mlCo8jlz7v7wQx0M1gEGT8yb9wWJlBEIEjRagkZLsFgREjkGBg9pavbOn9+jrt76ww+hq9fUt7Q8r6raf+BgGQRyF425lvNfAERHR9+6desvV/6f699HUltbe/LkyaNHDm/dvMl3mc9CD1d3R1tdDl2bTbM1N7I2MbA01rc00nd3tnd1drkUs0eFRFiazC9KqM07+SInoqEoMujgqttg6LC6ejcMNo7DTZPJUjz+tYbGIyw2B4E4D4dnotHZCEQvDveZx5MaGMhMTKYcHGYcHRVubpOLFn328fm8ePHUokUKL69JT88vzs7x5uYrV6zI0tP7amIi4/HkhoYfWaxPdPonEmmazVYgkTIUSkIgSHA4MQQyi0RTc0xTc0hDo1ddvXf+/OYffghbv17w8mVlZdUhP78CMLgSgzl74cIfyx4fH3/texsM/abv5jSk0oEDB+7cuSOXy6VSqUQikUgkSqXy2tVrl+P2tZQl8IsTBCXJguLE+oLY2txIYUFY4D7fXDBsHAIZh0Jr5s5NBoOPm5jE7N596tSps9nZl8rLcx4/Pp+VtdXGhk+nf7K0lFtZyR0d5ba2Cg+PDz4+isWLFYsWffDxUXh6Trm4dBoZHVm7dkCpPGhmptDWVhgayvT0ZFpaMg5HSqVKVfvHBIIEh5MSibNRgsGIIJAxKHRw3rxedfXeuXObfvgheOMm4cu2qqrqo8ePZ6OQAiw2JSn5j8VMS0u7ePHi96263/Q9kXz9+nXjxo0ikegf/p95LuNa4oGXd1OFJcmqpZS6/JgXOZGC/FC/XUuLoIj++fMD5849vGFD9qNHZS0tV/LyzkdExG/YEL54cYSv773S0oaBgaPa2jM8nsLOTm5rq3BzU7i6Kry9VTnzisWLFd7eHzw8Pjg5Hbe375TJAry9B1msKQ7nM4v1mUZT6OpKWSwpjSYlk6UMhgSDkRAIMgZDtcwlxuHGkEhVw9Wrrt70ww9+q1YLWlqqq6v9g0NuolBtOFzsf02Mz8jI+ItWh/+NvieSlpaW7du3//NByrOnz2SlHH55N0VQnNhYnsYviq/Lj67JDhXkhx7dtrhYXSMYjc66e7e1vz9w27YQKvWMhoYvCJSnrv4NBksGgfZs2TLy9esBHm+Sy52xsZm2s5tydf3g4SF3d5d7eX1wc/vk4THt6fnR0xNwd48yMKh58yZs48ZeNvuDllY4Gp1KIIgZDDmNJsXjJUSilEKRoFCqnRIJFiuGw8UEwhgCMaip2QuD9aqrN8+bt3PRorqmppqamsCIiMto9DsEIuIPt7YBAHD58uXvspz1p/qeSG7duhUR8SeJM2fS07PTjrTeSRGWJDeoVubzTtbcDhMWRARs87kJAu1xcqrq799gYPAcBAKw2EIIJDg9fa+jYxAIFHzo0BQA+AcE3MbhAEvLV1xuo5bWez29KSurKS+vSXd3ha1tnY5Ou4HBoKkp4OKSwOE8a26OPnRomMVKRSAycnPDz527DAYrWawpMvkrlfoVj59BIKZRqC94vBSHEyMQqpO+gxBILwTSq67eMn/+T1bWT6qra1/UHo+OPo/HDyCRodu2/7FEWVlZCQkJ37Hq/qjvicTf3/9Pz4elp6XlpB1pLktURYmwJKk2N7Lmdhg/P/TY1iX35qrdmj9/Axb7TF39Ix4/hccHaGry29tPpaefu3JlVC7ftnFjBgQCmJjco1K3+fiEHTx4aM2aQA5H4uT0xc0tUkfHb8+e4F27di1YUKatfYXFuv/iRXpYWAwIdHz37hkA2LdqFR+LBVisOg2NC/PnJ2Cx4SRSMIVyHY2W4XBSLFaMw43BYIPq6j3z5/dBIE1qakvNzG8XFgoEgqC4uAwKZQKLObFq1R9LlJ+fHxUV9R2r7o/6bki+fv26adOmrq6uf36Umpycc+poc1mioDipoSxVUJJUlx9TmxspKAj327yodK76mLp6n6bmCAYjwmIF6ur71qz58u2b6rcjEsmurVvDcbhBAmGvqWn/5OQkAIx9+nSjvDySyXyuoxMUEgIAwNinT6MzMwE7d2794YdHDx9GhoR429uLpqYCDhzIUVdX0umJePzBHTsK79x51NJS1dPTpVAcDg0tnDPnMw4nJhJVDVcPGNyroSH48cfNXt6Zly43NzWFJCSmMxgf0eigJT5/bI7Ly8tDQkK+V9X9g74bkvfv32/YsOHbr1X5RyUnJOSmH31571RDeVpD+SlBSVJ9QVxtbiS/IPzw+gVl6pr9YHAXGt2Lw4lIpLdo9BYLi77x8YSwsAP29uEBAW+Hh8uePHFSV08JDm5+/drX3Hydre2ARJISGemiptba0ZESH7/B1DQyIEA6M6NDIp1JS+sbGJj6/Dk6OTkABAL09asRiGOHDgEAkHrmzBobm3Bb219iYvx2736mpjaNRoug0HEUahCJ7AGD+zQ0aufO3evre/aX840NDeEpqWls9hc4fL2OXu8fUh0ePnwY8F/v4PiO+m5ISkpKjh8//qePEuPiCs4FtN5NE5amCEtT6gvj+EUJdXnR/ILwA6s9yzUgfZqa72CwXhxumEqdodFCSaTKt2+PLVjwCgR6oqa2hUh8/e5dYERExoULlzIz8zGYJjb78Pr1PaOjxmZmrW/fHnV3nzAwiEYiSx88OHfhguqKdNnU1MvOzu0ODnUEQieBsHfTprGZmYKysgMrVx7G45eCQJkgEIBAKFCoCTh8DAwehMN7NDT61dWr5/x4eP36zIsXhQL+yfT0cwxmNgbjYm169w8rKFVVVYcOfbeTcP+g74YkPDw8KyvrTx/FR0eXng9quZPSUJYmLE7iF/464iqKOrLa654mtBcM7oRAetHoYTz+Aw4XwuHw+/qCFy0aRqMBbe1bIFDG+fN1AkFOYWF6TEwljQa4uUUwmZUNDWfPnattaTlua/vFxWXA0NBv+fLmN29OnTpVXVPjwGTeunFjcHJynbV1Fw6Xh8PttLE5k5pawedXdnVVPHsWsm5duJragIbGFIk0ikINodG9cHg/BFL5449+mzdfuHK1rrb29LmMxXRW4Drv9Iht16/9vspbX1+/d+/e71V1/6Dvg0SpVG7fvv1fXYwQGx1dfim09e6pxvJTwtIUfnFiXX5sdXYIvzDi6Cqv+xqQXgjkHQw2gsFM4PFyFOqEnl7D8HCQm9s0EtkJBm/kcEbl8ujExNyiojPJyY8IBMDRMZtOv3L9emV1dUNHR4C9/ZSzM+DuftzYmP/69cWLF+9VVaUQCHFgcHZhYVt//w4KRcnhjONw99XVT8NgfiYmqQkJ78bHbz94sJnN7kKhpFjsEALRi0INwOHP584N3LHj2s2sqsrKc2czlvt4vMgNvR63+9yZ3ycijY2Nu3fv/i5V98/6PkjGxsbWrl37rzzVoyMi7lwMar13SmUzJChOrMuPeXE7vK4g7LCv2wN1zV4wuA8Mvg8CvYbBvqJQJ4yMmsfHjxgZXQOBtpibt3R31798aQCB3Lh06fGLFyFQqITLPQ6HP6yqOnv+fEd394mdOx/TaG/09PY4Orb39gYeP87v6IjV0fnG5W6lUvtlsrSMjGxNTYBKnYRCp+Hw4blzL4FAFpqaTe3tD1paIjU0puHwISi0Fw4fRCCeqqkF7dmTlZPz7OnTzMwLh7csby2OuJW8PyUp6bcStba27tz5Pd2F/qjvg+TJkycnTpz4V08jw0LKzwc0lyc3lKcJipP4RQl1+TEvcsLr8kP3+zg9nDt/VE3t0vz5m9av36al9QgE2qqr2yeRbPH1TUxM7JuaulpUtItCESCR+7y9ZUrlL6dOHVq8+Or585KZGRMdnfTTp4fF4oBNm/xWrXr15k1uSYmNre341JS/ufkXHZ3nSGTAgQMjX774aWn9QiT62dqesLcP8/RM2rw5Iy6ud2Li8t27sVDoFAo1hET2oVBDcPhT0A9Rhw/nFxc/evjo0qWru9ctaSiIKEg/GPuHUe/r16+3b9/+r8r7F/VXkSgUisLCQl9f3337/uU1EOEhQXcvnmguTxGWJPOLEvlFCbW5kdVZwfWFEfsXOTz9Ua3/hx/WMRjjAFDF58fHxj56+hQAgLahoZyKir3LlsVqaEgpFMDIKAeP37F27Ys3b+q6usqqqrb7+BTS6cFaWimZmQ09PTUdHRlXruzlcLaamV19/vyogcEkh/ONxTqCQj1+82bHihXWZmZP372r6e5+0t5+Vyi8np/vt2lTIAQyAIdPYLGDSGQfBiPFYu/MVduwwjcnP//hgwfXb9za9vOC2luBpWcPRIYG/Vaizs7OrVu/sz3wb/oOSHJzc5cuXZqWlnbu3Lk/vT8pNOj4vUtBjSUJgqJEQXFSfUFsTXZY9a2QF/khBxfYPZ83f2j+/FQweN/mzTeys69lZ6cmJPj7+vrp658Gg18jkd9otA/a2jJDw2/W1lU0WjiNFmxomMJgvNTTAxwdFXZ2V9jsEwYGYYaGN5jMj3Z2VcbGeyiUBn39aT29aTb7DZW6ycAgWEsrC40+wWCEaGtHYLGJamrZIFADCPRRQ0MMgQwjEAMwmBiDboCjNhpoey9wu3HtxoP7D7Kzczet8Kq+cezuL4eDAn6/uri/v3/btm3f0YPrj/r3kTx79iw8PNzPL9DZ1YPJZAYEBDQ1Nf3pN0NPBDy4GtJcniIsTREUJ/AL417kRFZlnajKCT7gZVv5w9z3YHCvuvoTEOgGCJQLAj2FQDpgsEk8XslmT2lrS6lUGYcj09eXWVh8trb+amHxxcICcHGZsbOT2dh8cHRUenp+sbP7amcHeHhMOjpOW1l9NTObNjKS6uhIDQ2nDQxGiMRxJPIriTSNQk1BIDMIxBcM5jMSqUCjJ+DwEQhkEAyWQKGCefO3mBhcOb1/9/ql167drKioyMnJ27xyUdX1Yw8vHA44ckBVHIlEkpGR4e3tffPmzYKCgu+yuftH/TtIhoeHf/ppJZlhp2e2UdtoJUvHncayweB1vBcuLykp+efvh5wIfHIzqvlOqrA4SViaLChKqMs7WZMd8jwneJ+7Vc2Pal2amp1g8BAUKoPDJ9HoKSLxA4kkxeOlNJqUzZay2TJ9fZmBgczEZNayzs5O7uIid3KSOznJHR3ljo4KV1fVh9mMegsLuaWlTFdXxuNJuVwFhaIgk6UUimqDRAyBSLBYEQo1jkKNwmBDEIgUjRZqQjYZ6WX94teQH7Zp5aKsrOwHFRX5eQUbfRc9u3Lk8aUjR/fPDrEUCkVqaqqrq2thYeF3NBj6Tf9rJJOTk86uXvrmm609oixcQvTNNuiZrTO02GxgvsHIeieJbhMbG/sPP4kIOfHkZkRjaSK/KEFYmqpyfnpxO+xZTvA+F4t6dY13UOhbGKwHgxlUeQnS6RIqVUqlyphMKY0m1daWcbkyQ0O5ra3c3l7h4qJwc5O7uMjd3VUWm78fZrC3n7VFtbOT29rKLCxkJiYyQ0OZjo6URlNlZ0soFAkeLyYQJvD4MSx2BI+Xo9FCCHyTsf6NjCONBWGVN4PW/7Tg9u3cRw8eFBYUbV619MnFQ08uHfHbvwsAALFYXFxcvGyZDwaDtbS0Cg0N/V5nq3/T/xpJeno6W3+FnXeChUuIhfNxnvUuntVunuU2PZOfLZyP2XnHEGnm9+//vlP98ePH1T8te3IzoqksWVCcJChRTRVja3PCn94OOehqJZw3v1NT8w0M1o3FDmIw40SimEqV0OlSMlnGYslYLCmDIeNy5cbGMktLuYODws5O4e6uAqNwc5Or7Lnc3RWennInJ7mtrdzJSa7yQbWxkZmaygwM5EZGMlXCPBYroVLFZLKIRhunUkcpFAWJ1IzGbTQ2yLoQ0FgYWZMd/OxawIqFLrm5+c+ePi0uKtm2zvfRxUNPLx89snfXpUuXNqwzj48zjIszPpVmmpxkFh/LCzims2HDkn81J/s/R/LlyxcbOzstPRcCw4PKXaltusvI/riFa4StZ7SVa5ClS6CNR4SZw+Gly3x/+0lkZJQ+V/vx9dCmsmRhaSq/KL4uL7q+IK72dtjj7JADzpaN88FvweA3UOh7FGoQhxvD40VotIRGk1KpUtWhQiZTyuHIeDyZhcUsADc3haenwsND7uIiV7nTqkJHFSWOjnIrK7mlpcqPS6ajI9fVldHpEhpNQiCIcTgRFjtOIIwSiQo8vhWO3GhseOOXgNbyhBc5EXW5EZU3gxe62uXm5tdUV5eV3dm6zvd+5v6nV46Z6OsfPcpSflv6QbG4vMym4p713XKHhw/sAWD1+/feixdz29ra/puq+79C8vz5c78ju7u7hPdKr8bFBP288mcrG08Gx4HM8qbprOIa7zKyC7B2jzI0dlbZT8pkMm19Rxtrr4eXAxpLE1VJXHV5J2tzIl9khzzICtpnZ9aiAX4LhXbA4e/R6EEMZgyPF+HxEjJZisNJqVQZm62iItPXl5mbz8Lw9FQsWKBYsEBlUzdrjuburnBxkXt4yB0c5JaWcjs7uZWVyk5QxmZLmUwxkSjCYkUk0ksNOi8AAAqJSURBVDiBMEqhfKBS21DYjTy965n+bXeT+YUJ9QWxgoLYZzeClng4VVXVVFdWVVQ82LVl/b3MA3fP+W3fYPH502IAWDE0sLD2hdPwkHf3e7dnT+0UsoUAsLSr02Pt2iXfZQz2v0NSW1vru2KZv//+3OzMl02P5KJ22fjLro7n5cVXIkKPrVq9xsLKnantpqVtMjIyAgBAQ0PDfCjdwtT+8dXjDcXx/KJ4QVEivyj+RU5EbU7YvRvH91kbtWmA38DhHXD4eyRyAI8fo1BERKKETpcSiVISScpiSel0KYcj09aWm5rKnZzkLi6qnuPD4sUq88DZfV9399mji6oosbCQWVnJDA1l+vpSbW0JmSwmEieIxHEicRSDUdBoHTjCZgPdK2f9WsviBcWJqnx+YXHCvfNH/Q/t7ezsqnz+/OnTZ4f27Cg7u6/sjH/gEVsA8AGAFQDgCwDLAWAZAKwAAB/lt4WA0hsA1hw6pP33nML6+PFjR0fH7du3T5w4sWPH1t27NkdHHS/Kv/yuo0Y88lI00tL1pnL5sgVSqRQAgKysrOATBw/uWn/nvH9DcbygOJFfGFdfGFuXf7IuN/zujaAD1sYd8zU7IJAOCKQLCh3AYEZVUcJgyDgcKZMp5XKlWloq8zm5iYnc3l51+u2Dp+eHhQtng8PdXaHq4Z2cZs2c7exkBgYyHk+qrS3V0ZGw2WIqdYJIHEOhRrBYGZn8FoHeqsM9n3aguTi6NjdKUJLcdPdMQ/mpxrLkotP7I4MDGxub+fX8p0+fBx07kp+y4865wws99Pz9dQL8df2P6fof0/Y/pu1/TNffn+vvr+N/TDs0RM/Dg1hQUPA3IPkHyeXyxsbGGzduBAWd2Lx5094924ICD6z0Xa4yp7p48eLWLWu3rP3pwZUTjaXJgpJZo83anIj6vMjy60F7zQzfaoA7oNB2KLQLDh9Ao0eRSBEaLaFQpByOjMWSMpkyPb3ZgZORkcLJSe7qKndxmfV2VJk5urrOem06Os6eYbSwkGprS7lcCYcjoVJFNNoEkTiGxQ6h0RIcrguO3MblnInf2VgY+eJ2WH1BbEN5WvO9cw3laY0lCVnx26MjQh8/ftLT3X3//oOQgGOlp3ffiN17/JjV+/eebzo83rS7vWl363jt2NHu0tHu/Kbd6027V0/3gpzbVn+6z/2fRvIPmpycbGpqevPmjepPuVxeVVW1fuWyqlvhjaWJguJEYWmqoDihNjeyLje89FrQfmO9Tg1wuwoJAjGAx48SCCICQUwmSykUKY0mpVBmA8XQUG5pKTM2ljs7y52d5R4eCk9Pubu7ipDcw0Pu5iazt5eZmcksLFSNlVRbW0yhiKjUCTp9DI8fJhJFZFIPAr2TyTgVu0OYF1J180RNdhi/ML753tmW+5kNpalNpQlXorccO3ywqrJqaGjozt0Kvz2bG3MCM0K3OjlpHz5sun+/0cEDxkeOGB85wjtyhHfkiMHhQyb79xsfPmy2YQPv7Nmzf70OvzOSP5XfgV2VWWFNZSkqu2pBcWJ9fgw/P7LkWvARI71O9fmvIZB2KPQdDNaPwYxSqSIiUUynS9lsKYslZbGkbLaESpVqa0tV2XU2NjIHB5nqTgY3N5mjo8zJSe7oKHN0lNnby2xsZGZmUl1dCZ0uJpNFJNI4nT5KoQwRCBMYTD8cuZfDSTq5vbEwsurmiaobgTXZIYLixJb7vzRXZAjLUpvLEs5HbvFZuHB8fPzdu3dnz2buXrswJXD9tvUrGxoaRkZGBgcHBwYG+v6g/v7+wcHBoaGhkZGR73ID038CybEDu59nhTeWJPCLEhrK0hrL0/mF8cKi2MIrJw5rs9/NnfcaDH4FBnciEL1IpMrcRkQgSBgMCYMhptPFWloiBkPMYIjZbLG+vtjCQmxqKrawkDo5SeztxdbWEicnib29xMZGYm4uNjcXGxuLtbVFZPI4hTJKp48wmUNM5jiNNoTFHSJT4iK2N5dE194Or8oKrs4Krs2NEhQntVRkNldkNJSlvrybknhstd/RYwAA3L1z56ely44cOFDw/3o715+m7jCOv9qcoIjoqb2cc1ranp5eFFtM0YxsE0k0wShLwM2hWzYzNxkxiystA0QFii3XaQQrIMExQ0cpvYAyhLll01J6oaUCVsYQetpD29NTnMHLNE73ou8W44vF9JPnL/h+Xjy/F7/nefSGV98+f73ER0nRL10V46Y6u7HeaW5ymBqtvTX2PmVPW7Gcw/rzjTenEhKmEhJmkpIW1q3DASAMQREIijAYERCMwDABwxE2m4DhMAQRCELETi5t2UJIpcTWrWGplMjIIDIyCKk0LBYTGzeGhcIwhxMCwSCLhXO5fhYryGCEQEgBgqdKP3H2nbLqqsf6VKO6qjF9jd1Y77p6bmLogudaq3PgzES/uvJo/u83RjGfL3t71qXOzjjk8x/ioaRMIR/uLHcPNMT2aMfmSxz66m6NTMGE7q54a3rlyukVK2ZWr76bkuIHABwAQhAUotODVOoihbIIQUEYXgRBHARxLhcXCnGxGN+8GZdIAunpuFgcEIkCIlFAIgls2oTz+QEeL8Dl+hkMP5OJMZl+ECQoG47ToTLZAaeh0qI9Ye1V2ox1DnOjs/8712CzZ7h98ucOz7XW8Stn3Wa1/PP3i2WKnF27Ws69hsbwP4iHEpVSaTgvd5lrx/SnY9s6bH1qp6Hmh/OycgY9sDJhJjHRm5j4x6pV88nJ2Nq1/uRkHADwDRtwGs1Pofip1AAIYlQqBoIYk4nxeJhQiAkEPoHAl5bmE4l8KOrj8318/gKCLKSmxmqeRltgsXwwHKEzVBSarGif06S0aCtGe6pshlqHucE92Oz+SeMZbrs1cvHWyEX3kMZpbvQM1BbszTrw0UGbzRaHZF5KPJRcbO9oUx6ZHW6Y6FdPDjZNDTZ5BmpvX1V3tXxTQ6dHVyf516zxJyUtpqwNAwAJAFEAWFq/folCWaJSo3R6lEaLgiAJwySLRTKZJIdDIgjJ45EIQgoEpEBAoiiJoqRQGOHxImw2mZpKxt4IDMYyBLVQaEcP7bUbq63aipvdx8d0VXaD2mGqd105OzF0fmqkdWpY473eeuf6hdtDTSMdJYc/PRiHTF5BPJS4XO6CvVkdqq80VV+2Vh+5UPVFe01hV13Rya/3707bXJqdrXj3vZK3M+WZmcWZ78i2bSuWZigk6QqxuFQsLpGky0VpCoHgW6GwlM8v53LLEaSMh5ZxOCe5iBJFT6OoioeqOJxaBGngcs+w2efY7BYWSwPDHSCopkNFH+y06CrsuhM2XaVVe3ys56Rdr3Sa6hymOoep8UZv3VDnKV1zSUtl4bHPcg9/vN9yczQOmbyCeCh58eKFxWLt7TXo9Uadrk+r7enu/vHy5e7vL3XdmZv75/nzp8+e/f306eMnTx4+fvzg0aPlhw/vLz/4a3l56f796L175NI9IhoNRSJBgsBDoUAwiOGLC37/XQybnZ+fmZu7PTt7y3tnYnp6fHLS5nZbXa6bDsdvNtuvVmuhTPZh3p6C3J15Odn5u3fk5WzPz9mxP3fnwX25hwr2FR0+VCI7Vq9Stbe1GY39Xq/3pV8D48y/Td5mvjxtkWYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" 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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-28506873341588633152014-01-07T12:25:00.001-08:002014-01-07T12:25:41.109-08:00Gingerbread Unit Review<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="6151507029590085456"></a> <h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
<a href="http://prekindernews.blogspot.com/2014/01/gingerbread-fun.html"><span style="color: #38901a;">Gingerbread Fun</span></a> </h3>
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We read several different Gingerbread stories and compared and contrasted how they were they the same and different from each other. The students also really worked hard on identifying characters, setting, problem, solution and details of the stories that we read. We also did many different activities to make learning reading, writing, math and science concepts fun and meaningful for the student's during the month of December. We wrapped up the unit by doing a Gingerbread hunt (the Gingerbread men ran away!). Here are some pictures we took during the unit and descriptions of what the students learned during these activities.<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4jw9be8KRHX-9BIkVPPVjyFwM7lU4GTvgO4c7tI1kuPt5gY8dfftdveOVkLcmYlBPkSNEnpEtJUi0K81Df4BXb7ZNPChMpZFCKkJXbtbHpBfI_ARG6GySfHwzDx2R7cFY6f4jyhW0wcLC/s1600/20131209_144804.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4jw9be8KRHX-9BIkVPPVjyFwM7lU4GTvgO4c7tI1kuPt5gY8dfftdveOVkLcmYlBPkSNEnpEtJUi0K81Df4BXb7ZNPChMpZFCKkJXbtbHpBfI_ARG6GySfHwzDx2R7cFY6f4jyhW0wcLC/s1600/20131209_144804.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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Some of the students made 3-D Gingerbread houses like they learned about in The Gingerbread Baby to learn about flat shapes (squares) and 3-D shapes (cubes). This hands-on activities helped build fine motor skills while reinforcing math concepts. This activity also helped them recall details from one of our gingerbread stories.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEileYRzXLnVihm7omR2zO3XjkV05o-_0awyt7EFrTzHPBi3oMfvZAXmeT_mPMSArHv6fVdPa6-THTW3LjZAHh4NgdcIN0ZFIgf8WCIn4Aqdvhk0-J_4x8FrXcVUEwlgaQEP_q5WrKFPJvNe/s1600/20131209_125508.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEileYRzXLnVihm7omR2zO3XjkV05o-_0awyt7EFrTzHPBi3oMfvZAXmeT_mPMSArHv6fVdPa6-THTW3LjZAHh4NgdcIN0ZFIgf8WCIn4Aqdvhk0-J_4x8FrXcVUEwlgaQEP_q5WrKFPJvNe/s1600/20131209_125508.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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Many of the children became frustrated trying to make the graham crackers stick together and used problem solving skills, team work and advanced vocabulary while trying to figure out ways to engineer their structures.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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We also did a non-standard measurement unit during December and it was easy to use our Gingerbread theme to help the students make connections. The students used a variety of objects to measure items around the rooms. One of the learning centers for math involved measuring Gingerbread cut outs of different shapes. The students were encouraged to find different ways to measure the gingerbread men. Math vocabulary such as length, width, height, are and perimeter were used during this activity. We used different sized marshmallows over several days to show that measurement depends on your tools.</div>
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The students were also encouraged to make estimate how many marshmallows they thought it would take to measure. They then had to fact check their estimation. The students worked independently and in groups to do this exercise.</div>
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The students labeled the Gingerbread man during Writing Workshop to practice sounding out words and using labels to help the reader understand what they are writing.</div>
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Salt was used as fake "snow" with alphabet and popcorn word cards to help students with letter formation and popcorn word recognition. This made practicing these difficult fine motor skills much more fun! Some used fingers and some used tongue depressors to write the words.</div>
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Pretend "gingerbread dough" in dramatic play and dough stampers were used to make words, blend sounds and practice popcorn words.</div>
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In dramatic play they re-enacted details from several of the gingerbread stories we read during Reading Workshop to increase comprehension skills, retelling in sequence, remembering details and using vocabulary to strengthen speaking and writing.</div>
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"Run, run, as fast as you can, you can't catch me I'm the Gingerbread Man!"</div>
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We started practicing the foundations of sentence structure in Writing Workshop making sure we put finger spaces between our words when writing. We practiced as a group on write-on/wipe-off boards to understand how much space should be put between words so the reader can read our words.</div>
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To wrap up the unit we had a Gingerbread Tasting Party with Gingerbread Cookies, but before we could try them they ran away, just like in some of the books we read!</div>
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We came back from lunch and found crumbs where the cookies had been. We searched all over the school looking for them! They ran away from every Kindergarten classroom!</div>
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We looked everywhere for clues to try to find them. We observed liked scientists to try to figure out where they could have gone!<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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We made signs and posted them around the school like in the book The Gingerbread Man Loose In School that we read.</div>
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We built traps and placed animal crackers out like in The Gingerbread Girl Goes Animal Crackers hoping that having animal friends waiting for them might lure them back to our rooms!</div>
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We placed our Gingerbread Houses out hoping giving them a home like in one of our Gingerbread stories we read by Jan Brett would cause the Gingerbread Men to come back!</div>
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We made beautiful Gingerbread Houses for our cookies hoping they would like them and come back.</div>
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<br />We made Gingerbread Friends for our Gingerbread boys and girls to play with in dramatic play hoping that would make our cookies want to come back.</div>
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In the end it worked and after Specials classes, when we returned, they had all come back to every Kindergarten Class! They students were so excited. What they had learned and remembered from reading all of those different Gingerbread books helped them solve a problem and find a solution, just like in the characters in the stories we read! This was a great text to self connection. It was also a great way to apply what they had learned to a real life problem and realize that what we learn in books can help us in our life and help us use that knowledge to solve problems.</div>
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These are some of the books we read during our Gingerbread Unit. We used these books, which part of the Gingerbread Man we ate first and other fun concepts to reinforce what we had learned in math about graphing. Below is one example of a graph we created in one of the classrooms.</div>
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In this graph the students voted on which Gingerbread book they enjoyed the most during the unit. We then graphed each response to find out which story the class liked the most (expanding math vocabulary), the least, how many votes each book had, how many votes total and how many books all together and total. This was a way to visually organize and compare their data!</div>
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The unit was a huge success and the students learned so much. We hope you enjoyed this little view into some of our December learning objectives and we hope this gives you some ideas of how you can support these concepts at home.</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-70440161075982578532013-12-09T16:09:00.000-08:002013-12-09T16:09:07.367-08:00A Little Elf and Gingerbread House Math<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I love the Elf on the Shelf. The kids get so excited. I love the creativity of coming up with fun ways to display her. The kids are excited to come in each morning and search for our Elf, Trinity (last years class named her and she came back this year). I love that the First Graders (last years Kindergarten class) come in a couple of times a week to say hello to her and wish the new class a great day. I thought I would share a picture of her and Pete the Cat having a snowball fight today.<br />
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We also do a great big Gingerbread Man unit this time of year (which I also love). We compare and contrast all of the different Gingerbread stories we read. We re-enact the stories in dramatic play, we graph our favorite stories as a class. We work on rhyming, patterns in reading and patterning in math when we build our houses. We will go on a school wide hunt searching for our run away Gingerbread cookies, we make posters trying to find them (writing) and we label and describe Gingerbread people. Today we started building our Gingerbread houses and we learned about being architects. We also reviewed the difference between 2-D and 3-D shapes (square versus cube, triangle versus triangular prism). I watched them problem solve how to make their building stable, negotiate sharing materials, use expanded vocabulary to describe how they built their house and overcame the problem of the walls falling down, and how they supported and helped each other when they needed help. I listened to them talk about the patterns they were creating in their decorations. I sat back and watched and listened and glowed in the knowledge they did not need me during this project. I watched in amazement at the 100% engagement, even though I ran out of Graham crackers and all the children could not participate. I watched in amazement as one child offer another child their crackers and said they would wait until tomorrow to build their house. The children that had to wait until tomorrow started sorting the candies the amazing parents donated for the children who were building their houses. I dumped the whole bag on the floor and watched them work together to sort by color, type and size and place the items into containers they found in dramatic play to hold all of the treasures. I watched them count, make groups of 10 and laugh as they worked together with their classmates. This was truly a magical day as a teacher. Some other teachers say I am crazy for doing this project. Too messy, too much time, too much chaos, but I would not teach any other way. There were so many concepts being APPLIED. Math, language, social skills, fine motor, vocabulary, story retelling. But mostly I watched their minds growing, their imaginations taking off, I watched them learn, teach and mostly be the kind of learners and team mates that I am proud to say will lead our future. Here are some pictures. I hope you enjoy them. I leave you with this thought, do messy projects that require the students to problem solve. Get away from the worksheets. Let go a little bit and watch the wonders of learning. Play with a purpose. Know what skills you want them to master, give a guide for reference, but not step-by-step instructions. Let them struggle. Let them use their brains. Let them play. Let them play. Let them play. That is when the true magic of learning occurs. That is when the brain grows in amazing ways. Let them be excited to learn by letting them be present in the experience. Make it interesting, make it sensory, make it messy, make it meaningful.<br />
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Do you see the pattern work this child is doing? ABAB around the plate he said as he was placing the candies in the yard.</div>
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This child tried four times to make the house. It fell in three times before they finally figured out how to add icing (glue they called it) to fill in the cracks. The interesting part was they referenced the Laura Ingalls Wilder books when Pa built the little house in the big woods out of logs and had to fill in the cracks. Then they filled in the cracks with more icing and it worked! I loved that this child made a connection from a story read in the fall. </div>
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This child did not want a roof. He had one, but he took it off. I love that he was independent and knew he was safe to create his house his own way. He wanted to use the sprinkles but could not apply the icing to the slanted roof so he made a flat roof that he could spread icing on without the structure falling into itself. He said Santa could have a party on that roof!</div>
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This child was so interested in the fact that it took six squares to make a cube. This child also listened to the other child at the table talking about filling in the cracks like Pa and said "That is a great idea, I am going to do that too!".</div>
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This child has a hard time writing but can read like nobodies business! He struggled trying to get all of the pieces to stay together. This was a very challenging project for him, but he did not give up. He asked another child that had completed his house to come and help. They talked about structure, and making things strong and the importance of where to place the icing. This child said they wanted to be an architect when they grow up.</div>
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This was my guide piece. During large group instruction I showed how to construct a cube and a triangular prism (yes, I use those words and so do they). They were concerned about how to fill in the roof so I stuck a gingerbread cookie there and secured it with icing. We talked about the importance of not eating the icing and candies (germs you know) and I let them know that I had a separate stash for eating. We used Popsicle sticks to get our icing out of the container and we did NOT lick the stick (at least I didn't catch anyone doing that). There was a great deal of finger licking though when the structures were finished.</div>
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The beginning of the process. Each child had to count out the correct number of crackers needed (six for the house plus two for the roof means eight total). Then they had to start talking about how to construct their houses. It was so interesting to listen to their reasoning about how the house should be made. This child said you needed the floor first so the walls had something to hold on to. </div>
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These are the students that did not get to make their houses today. They are working together to sort, separate and store the donated left over Halloween candy graciously given to us by one of the parents. The discussion on how to do this was priceless.</div>
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They used mats to sort by candy type. I thought that was very smart problem solving.</div>
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Fine motor practice at it's finest! There is nothing like icing to sweeten up a math lesson!</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-52894053138194718482013-12-03T16:18:00.001-08:002013-12-03T16:18:16.043-08:00Fall Math Ideas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Here are some pictures of ways you can use the fall resources (such as pumpkin seeds, Indian Corn, leaves and seeds) to make learning foundation math skills fun and meaningful for your child. Not only will you be teaching your child important math concepts such as sorting, counting, graphing and categorizing, you will also be making lasting fall memories. Enjoy this post and enjoy your child and the beauty of the fall season.<br /><br />
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These students have taken fall leaves they collected and are working on sorting them into categories. The first time they sorted by color. Then they counted how many items were in each set.</div>
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These are close up shots of how they sorted the leaves into categories.</div>
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Next they worked together to graph each group in order to determine which leaf category had the most, least, and if any groups had equal amounts. They determined that the green leaf category had the most leaves.</div>
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You can find fall cut outs, foam pieces and other small items cheaply at local craft stores, dollar stores and at the dollar spots in department stores. The students worked in small groups of four or less with the items to sort, categorize, and eventually graph their items. The children had to work together to decide how to sort the items. Some groups sorted by color while others sorted by shape. They had to work together to decide how the items should be categorized. They worked hard to problem solve and work together to make decisions while participating in this activity. Some groups then counted how many items where in each group strengthening their number sense.</div>
<br /><br /><br /> In this activity the students used items collected in nature (Indian Corn, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds) to sort, count and categorize. Each Kindergarten class has been working on these skills over the past two weeks. Using items found in nature during the fall months also gives the students a chance to explore the natural world and obtain a better understanding of the life cycle of plants. These concepts were introduced during our Pumpkin Unit of Study and will be reinforced during the school year. The students were also encouraged to use descriptive words while working with these items so they can become better at using descriptive words (adjectives) in their writing. The more experiences they have with real items at this age the stronger their writing skills will become as they become writers. Go on Nature Walks, to the zoo, museums, library programs or other activities that will expose your child to new experiences and vocabulary. Encourage them to describe what they experience and to keep a journal they can write and draw in during these (or right after) trips.<br />
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Students sorted the seeds and kernels before starting to create graphs. The purpose of graphing is to help the students visualize the mathematical concepts of greater than (more), less than (less) and equal to (same). Graphing allows the student to visually record these concepts. This helps when they start learning about place value (10's, 100's, 1000's), fractions and decimals. This also helps the students start to learn groups of 10, counting to 100, addition/subtraction and multiplication.</div>
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Students graphing their items that were sorted into categories.</div>
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These students are working independently with a handful of items. Students mentored each other during their independent work. Mathematical vocabulary was used during their discussions. Many were asked to explain or justify why they classified the items the way they did. Most students classified by type (pumpkin seed, corn kernel, sunflower seed). Others divided the corn kernels into multiple categories by color (dark, light, mixed) and counted them as separate categories. When doing these activities at home always ask your child to explain or justify their reasoning for sorting or classifying items into categories. This helps them use logic and rich vocabulary to explain their thinking which is a critical skills needed in all academic areas. Their explanations are often fascinating and we learn so much about each child from those conversations!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg52ObPu8XLXBzbzsLRpRSx_6tx_wjPsoTSeEV8paeOfDSziBRyonj0hDUbYLa5xktvMUJrHp5IEIJjDQtv8_8sTZp9qPVGQmJQcxdw7kKwM_nX9RxoCynrcpY-VDDwX9S98tOkDU6BppLo/s1600/november+5+039.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg52ObPu8XLXBzbzsLRpRSx_6tx_wjPsoTSeEV8paeOfDSziBRyonj0hDUbYLa5xktvMUJrHp5IEIJjDQtv8_8sTZp9qPVGQmJQcxdw7kKwM_nX9RxoCynrcpY-VDDwX9S98tOkDU6BppLo/s320/november+5+039.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This child found a different way to graph his information. He then taped one of each item at the bottom of his graph so others could understand his data. He also wrote the numeral next to each item before he removed the items from his paper. He wanted to "see" his graph after he had to put the items away so he created his graph in a way that he could take the activity home with him. As teachers we like to leave many of our activities "open-ended" so children can express their learning in different ways. We encourage you to do the same at home. </div>
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This child created her graph on a write-on/wipe-off board. We encourage you to have one of these at home along with some dry erase markers. It will save you a ton on paper, it is easy to clean and can be used almost anywhere!</div>
<br /><br /> The last fall math activity we would like to share with you is this easy to make pumpkin math game. One of the teachers found this idea on Pinterest (we don't know how we taught before Pinterest came into our lives, lol) and it only took five minutes to make. Take orange paper and a black permanent marker and cut out random oval/circle shapes. Draw on faces using basic shapes. Make sure the mouth is extra big to accommodate many candy corn (at least up to 12 if you are using two die or larger if you want to use 3 die). Have your child roll the first die and place that many candy corn on where the top row of teeth would go. Next you, or your child can roll the second die and then place the number of candy corn that correlates with the number on the die. Now ask your child to add together the top row and bottom row of teeth (candy corn) and give you the sum (the total). Try to use the correct vocabulary (using words like sum for total). You can also use the following language. "The total number of candy corn teeth in our pumpkins mouth is 11. 11 is the whole. 11 is made up of two parts. The first part is 6, the second part is 5. The whole is 11. 6+5=11." We are teaching the children math vocabulary such as adding, sum, total, part, all together, more than, greater than, less than and equal too. You can expand this activity by asking your child which number is greater, 6 or 5? What comes after six? What comes before five? What would the total be if we add on more tooth to the mouth? What would the total be is we had one less tooth in the mouth? There are lots of ways you can expand your child's math knowledge by just asking a few more questions during any math game you play.<br /><br />
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The students had a ball playing this game. We did have to talk about germs, not eating the candy and taking turns when we play a math game before we started this activity.</div>
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These two students thought it was too funny when they each rolled a one on their die. They also thought the pumpkin face was funny with just two teeth!</div>
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We encourage you to play math games with your child. Have them identify numbers at the grocery store or gas station. Have them count how many red lights you go through on a drive to run errands. Play high/low with playing cards. You both flip a card at the same time and the person with the high card (or low card if you want to play that way) gets both cards. Play until one person is out of cards. The person with all the cards wins. You can have them count how many coins are in your pocket, count how many letters are on the cereal box or have them count how many letters are in their name. All of these math games will make them stronger mathematicians and will help them love learning math!</div>
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We hope that sharing some of these ideas will encourage you to "play" math at home. Please share with us any great math games you play at home! Enjoy playing with your child. Thank you for all you do to help support your child mastering the skills we are working on in class.</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-15441133721654855402013-12-03T16:16:00.001-08:002013-12-03T16:16:27.916-08:00Part of a fall post to our parents<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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In Ms. Arrendale's class the students finally were able to explore the fall items brought back from the pumpkin patch field trip during their science time. They were able to compare and contrast these fall fruits/vegetables to the pumpkin they carved. They were able to estimate the number of seeds and graph fall items during math.</div>
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The students were taught how to use a magnifying glass to observe and study the inside of the pumpkins and other fruit/vegetables. The children were encouraged to use descriptive words to explain what they were observing. They also created an anchor chart using descriptive words to describe a pumpkin after they used the magnifying glass to study the pumpkin closely.</div>
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In Ms. Arrendale's class they students drew different types of Jack-O-Lantern faces using the basic shapes on write-on/wipe-off boards and voted on the face they wanted carved into the pumpkin. This was the finished product using squares, semi-circles, triangles, ovals and rectangles. The students also wrote about their trip to the pumpkin patch in writing workshop.</div>
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We hope this little glimpse into our daily classroom activities helps you facilitate conversations that will help reinforce skills they were exposed to during last months lessons. We had a great time teaching all of our kindergarten kids last month! Fall is a great time to expand on their math, language and science skills. We will update you each month with a monthly classroom update post to keep you informed. Now that you know how to "butter" your popcorn words get a yellow highlighter and have your child "butter" some popcorn words in magazines, newspapers and junk mail you receive at home. It is a fun and meaningful way to practice those popcorn words!</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-8770208222333169612013-10-27T12:39:00.001-07:002013-10-27T12:39:10.090-07:00A review of our Apple Unit (science, writing and math)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
At our school the Kindergarten Team decided to do a Kindergarten Blog for all of the parents as a way to boost parent communication. We are lucky enough to plan together and use the data we gather through our assessments to plan out broad goals for our Kindergarten classes. Although we do differentiate for each of our kids needs, we do want to be consistent in the language we use and we want to make sure all of the students are exposed to major concepts. This has worked out very well for us this year. We also have several sets of twins this year who are in different Kindergarten classrooms and having the same family projects/newsletters and the same pacing for major concepts this has helped keep those families from going crazy! I hope you part of the post to our families that I have posted below. I will try to put more of these up for your review! Thanks for following me. I would really appreciate it if you would "follow" me. I would love to reach 100 followers this year. I will put my TPT store on sale and give away free products when I do reach 100. I know many of you check the blog often, but have not followed yet. Check back for a new freebie this week. Thanks for your support. Leave a comment with your blog and I will come visit and follow you back! I love networking/learning and supporting each other in this wonderful blog world! Enjoy! <br />
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We used the Apple Unit to introduce the students to many science concepts. Using our five senses to gather data (explore) the apples is a fun and meaningful way for young children to start understanding that science is all around us and that we use science each and every day. We hope you enjoy this peek into our school day.<br />
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We used the apples you sent in to introduce the children to the concept of estimation. The children estimated how many seeds would be inside of an apple. We wrote down their estimation, cut open the apple, pulled out the seeds and counted them. We compared our estimations to the actual number of seeds we found inside the apple. We then tried this again with another apple and found that different apples have different numbers of seeds in them. We also talked about how the seeds, when planted, grow into new apple seeds. (Ms. Arrendale's Class)</h3>
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We used our new knowledge of color words to create these little apple color word readers. We had to practice following multi-step directions to cut out and assemble the books. We also had to look closely at the color words to know what color the apples had to be on each page so the illustration matched the text. We had a lot of fun making these books and even more fun reading them! (Ms. Allen's Class). </h3>
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In each class the students practiced their listening skills by creating apple glyphs. You should be able to tell a lot about the child by how they colored and put together their apples. Each leaf represents the number of brothers/sisters or if they are an only child (orange leaf). The stem lets you know what hand they write with. The color of the worm tells you if they are a boy or a girl. The color of the apple tells you their age. This is a great activity that lets the children strengthen hand and finger strength/dexterity (critical for letter formation and proper pencil grip), listening to and follow directions both verbal and written (critical for speaking and listening skills in all academic and social areas), hand-eye coordination while gluing and placing objects on the paper (needed for illustrating their writing and spacial awareness) and many more objectives that are needed for building strong language skills.</h3>
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We also used the apples in each class to have a taste test. We compared and contrasted the apples noting how they were alike and different. We then voted on which apple we liked the most. We graphed which apple we liked and did not like. We then learned how to read the graph so we could figure out which apple our classroom liked the most. We were introduced to math vocabulary such as least, most, largest, biggest, smallest, equal and same. We were also encouraged to participate in logical reasoning by justifying why we choose the red, green or yellow apple as our favorite. This led to lots of discussion especially when someone disagreed with our choice of favorite apple. (Ms. De Stefano's Class)</h3>
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In some of the classes we had time to experiment with our apples. In this experiment we guessed if an apple would sink or float. We then had to justify or explain why we though it would sink or why we thought it would float. The moment of truth was when we placed the apple into a tub of water and found out that it would float. The students had many great ideas on why it floated. Don't forget to ask your child open-ended questions to learn more about how they think. Some of their answers were amazing (such as the water weighs more than the apple so it hold the apple up). </h3>
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In each classroom we did many math experiments with our apples. In this math experiment we measured the circumference of the apple by using a piece of paper or string and then placing the paper or string on a ruler and measuring how many inches it was around the apple.</h3>
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Using technology in the classroom is a common core state standard (you may be hearing about this in the news). We use the smart board to let the students learn how to move objects, play games, learn math and science concepts, watch nature videos (we watched a video on the life cycle of an apple) and create words. This was a Smart-board Game on sorting apples.</h3>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiozXgk9uiy4MCl1AijNPzgJ_bPHNFf3FBQTGp30p7AunHGre68pgX7lCL_yeAB4eh5TX3YOrJwDk367DOwv0N9Z11UJa4F4_lwIoT35tPdZpdwGmLWTq6JCVUrtqQmPG_w_RDDfbfZSAnx/s1600/20130924_140228.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiozXgk9uiy4MCl1AijNPzgJ_bPHNFf3FBQTGp30p7AunHGre68pgX7lCL_yeAB4eh5TX3YOrJwDk367DOwv0N9Z11UJa4F4_lwIoT35tPdZpdwGmLWTq6JCVUrtqQmPG_w_RDDfbfZSAnx/s640/20130924_140228.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
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This is the Apple Chart Ms. Boatright's class made after completing their math and science experiments on their apple. You can see how many ways they measured, explored, gathered data and recorded their observations when experimenting with their apple. It is our job in Kindergarten to expose the students to skills they will master in later grades. Teaching them to chart their observations and refer back to the information so they can apply what they learned to future experiments is a critical foundation skills. You will see lots of these types of charts in each classroom. The students can now look at this chart and remember key details about their apple, new math concepts and new science concepts. This is a skill they will need when they get older and start taking notes. (Ms. Boatright's Class)</h3>
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We hope this will help to spark conversation with your student next time you ask them what they did in school and they reply that they did nothing or they can't remember. Look for more posts showing you how and what we are learning in the weeks to come. </div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-31913521068730527932013-10-26T21:14:00.000-07:002013-10-26T21:14:07.773-07:00A fall post to our families I wanted to share with you about enhancing science and writing in the fall<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
We have been doing an illustrator study in our Writing Block and we are encouraging our students to add detail to their pictures in their books they are creating. We are also teaching into using our popcorn words and patterns to create books about their experiences at the Pumpkin Patch. Pattern books repeat on each page and only one word changes (level A books). An example would be as follows:<br />
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I see the turtle.</h3>
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I see the seeds.</h3>
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I see the leaves.</h3>
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I see the tractor.</h3>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8xTqqgJB5sRTGAlHkkmHuHdt274tbm89zqEQOr0eAgF-NVsYuTpwSwxzJoXRvHcw0-FytKwiMv3NgOMgcbTucyWW5ahGd7aMg3OWtckCTIGYIf9zU7Bbda7hyWL5T60EPqtbjT-dliMKF/s1600/IMG_9466.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8xTqqgJB5sRTGAlHkkmHuHdt274tbm89zqEQOr0eAgF-NVsYuTpwSwxzJoXRvHcw0-FytKwiMv3NgOMgcbTucyWW5ahGd7aMg3OWtckCTIGYIf9zU7Bbda7hyWL5T60EPqtbjT-dliMKF/s320/IMG_9466.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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I see the vine.</h3>
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I see the pumpkin.</h3>
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The students are creating books like these to strengthen their knowledge of using patterns to help become better readers and writers. They are really enjoying this unit! This is another reason why helping your child learn their popcorn words is so critically important so please work with them several times each week on mastering these words!</div>
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Another way we are using the fall season to help them understand concepts in science and in writing is by using fall items to study and examine objects in nature like a scientist and then documenting or illustrating what they see/observe. This makes the student study an object in detail and then try to record what they see by drawing it. This encourages the student to use their five senses when studying the object which causes them to illustrate or record their observations in greater detail. This will strengthen their use of descriptive words (adjectives and adverbs) when they reach first and second grade. Building strong writers means letting them record their world. When the student can draw in great detail they can recall things they want to tell the reader in their writing and this leads to more descriptive and more detailed sentences, essays and stories as they progress through their writing studies. Here are some of the examples of our young scientists/illustrators/authors at work. Please do this at home with any type of items they are interested in (lego's, leaves, buildings, tractors, flowers). The subject matter does not make a difference, practicing recording what they are observing and enjoying it is critical in developing students that love to write! Encourage them to label their writing by trying to write the first letter of the object, sounding out the word (don't worry about it being spelled correctly, just having them write down the sounds they hear) or have them make writers marks (scribbles that represent each word they want to write). The goal is to get them to write and understand that the letters/words/writers marks help the reader understand what they are trying to convey. This should be a pleasant and fun experience so don't worry about correct spelling yet. They are really working on letter sounds and blending so even just coming up with one letter in each word they want to write is a positive step in the right direction. We hope these pictures will help you do this at home. It will strengthen their writing and keep them occupied! Double bonus!</div>
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This student is drawing in pencil first so they can erase any mistakes they make. He will then go back with crayons, markers or colored pencils to add the details such as colors and shading.</div>
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This student is not confident that they can draw the shape of the gourd so they are tracing the shape and then they will go back and add detail and colors.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCClcfNLcxEyQ-WXWvTwU_CyULVcTbK3J_M60V5_9mZeOyJOkvubkDtQkQdJnrKxImTg4S4S_iM76u2kimu8VvzEXfX0zjvqytasgE84LjmzmJw4TKY_Cuo_FzurRLRXk_IgGyUQ-KCerD/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+010.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCClcfNLcxEyQ-WXWvTwU_CyULVcTbK3J_M60V5_9mZeOyJOkvubkDtQkQdJnrKxImTg4S4S_iM76u2kimu8VvzEXfX0zjvqytasgE84LjmzmJw4TKY_Cuo_FzurRLRXk_IgGyUQ-KCerD/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+010.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This child is trying to record their observations independently.</div>
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These students are working together and drawing multiple objects on one page.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVxTrXuRwVAesZ-j_v7zghZX6nx6ZxkFuzNZbRzUIVMRr0i2yMoPppZwBMD00t7KSYMN2AbFunShiwcgVjUGksKT_mn4MmfiYjBae-fxLvcY0uTrQO1UitbcUeorQ8mK0922Suh0IhQ3pU/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+013.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVxTrXuRwVAesZ-j_v7zghZX6nx6ZxkFuzNZbRzUIVMRr0i2yMoPppZwBMD00t7KSYMN2AbFunShiwcgVjUGksKT_mn4MmfiYjBae-fxLvcY0uTrQO1UitbcUeorQ8mK0922Suh0IhQ3pU/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+013.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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These students are studying their objects closely and trying to capture what they see by using different colors.</div>
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This child is working more toward telling a story in their illustrations. They have added seeds to show the life cycle of the pumpkin. They are also recording the fact that pumpkins can be different shapes, sizes and colors.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0YbKHQFZ2q79YbNQ_SGp4jRFcCDCfaRyMmEoEXn_UvKqXbaGxAdBOvvHvDv32axTz_GWxbtDojXA3SnXX9BACIyzV2fEOwDDTC_eyvMhE-FOSuzlx8d9ZPfmJEXjHIfDvR-3b1Y4-vlbn/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+018.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0YbKHQFZ2q79YbNQ_SGp4jRFcCDCfaRyMmEoEXn_UvKqXbaGxAdBOvvHvDv32axTz_GWxbtDojXA3SnXX9BACIyzV2fEOwDDTC_eyvMhE-FOSuzlx8d9ZPfmJEXjHIfDvR-3b1Y4-vlbn/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+018.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This child wanted to study the sunflower. The seeds were falling out and you can see that she noticed the sunflower was not yellow. She also recorded the stalk and leaves in her illustration. She used a magnifying glass to study the sunflower in great detail.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6db5O4eDt-kDpgWiCXhoblZDC24dHuzvj3cH644EQzZgzZownaNJWDFVLuZp96nMpR0UII5JzGelSmFG1h8-2hwM7WGKfSnY1wpaRFgO9uGF-G_zcdzpvXaKfQhVZHKW07BNeLj2NmOhd/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+019.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6db5O4eDt-kDpgWiCXhoblZDC24dHuzvj3cH644EQzZgzZownaNJWDFVLuZp96nMpR0UII5JzGelSmFG1h8-2hwM7WGKfSnY1wpaRFgO9uGF-G_zcdzpvXaKfQhVZHKW07BNeLj2NmOhd/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+019.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This child is starting to use letters to form words to add more detail to his drawing. He also wanted to tape on an actual seed to give the reader a real object to compare to his drawing. He used labeling (see the arrow) and is trying to convey meaning to the reader by attempting to record his thoughts in sentence form. He remembered from our illustrator study that he could draw several illustrations on one page. He is showing the life cycle of the sunflower on this page.</div>
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Here he is closely studying the seeds and recording his observations.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE3Y_M1fStZL8X2kCFZT7c7vwm4ylOZmppys26z2HLZNOhyphenhyphenmpQOYFZVg6lxvs5jbFLFyuliLL-0ntpBu9YW3C3Y-iCkEJhE28QcApiKnqHs-LCSY8nvPoqbzzEIm1M_rMc675VLyjXzIwR/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+021.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE3Y_M1fStZL8X2kCFZT7c7vwm4ylOZmppys26z2HLZNOhyphenhyphenmpQOYFZVg6lxvs5jbFLFyuliLL-0ntpBu9YW3C3Y-iCkEJhE28QcApiKnqHs-LCSY8nvPoqbzzEIm1M_rMc675VLyjXzIwR/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+021.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Ms. Arrendale found a turtle shell on a nature walk with her niece and nephews during a trip to the country and brought it back to class. Many of the students were very interested in the turtles at the Pumpkin Patch. This student used a picture of the turtle (earlier in the post) and the actual turtle shell to add greater detail to his pictures about his experience with the turtles at the Pumpkin Patch. Using pictures is another great way to have your child record their thoughts and observations during vacations and breaks. We take a lot of pictures to help the students remember details so they can become stronger writers and authors.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTpYyxW-urrtE8tPdYqxstMDDTQ0zFSqgP5WDjekEmExb0Ng3kgF-F0raFrgFud0OEyru9uwHjH445vWGyYzizTnvUEpCf1Qkq_zqqEPjwxr1UjO9pMIUCCXFo6rkyAMHQge3BCtLAdFZI/s1600/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+027.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTpYyxW-urrtE8tPdYqxstMDDTQ0zFSqgP5WDjekEmExb0Ng3kgF-F0raFrgFud0OEyru9uwHjH445vWGyYzizTnvUEpCf1Qkq_zqqEPjwxr1UjO9pMIUCCXFo6rkyAMHQge3BCtLAdFZI/s320/october+classroom+and+girl+scouts+027.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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This child is standing back and admiring his work. He spent a lot of time working on his illustration and really studied his object (the taller pumpkin). He was very proud of his work.</div>
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This student also added additional characters to his illustration as he recalled his experience at the Pumpkin Patch. He wanted the reader to know that he and his friends found pumpkins in the garden at the Pumpkin Patch. Having the real object available enabled him to recall more detail about his field trip and helped him to add more detail to his illustration.</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-72945066679065520882013-09-08T17:12:00.001-07:002013-09-08T17:12:20.663-07:00Classroom Tour<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I just wanted to share some pictures from my classroom with you. I know how much I enjoy looking at your rooms and getting fresh new ideas. I hope you enjoy this little tour.<br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7Ya6qKooJYw/Uix30X5v3pI/AAAAAAAAD9c/tZH2X0-XyXc/s1600/20130809_091830.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7Ya6qKooJYw/Uix30X5v3pI/AAAAAAAAD9c/tZH2X0-XyXc/s320/20130809_091830.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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This is as soon as you walk in the door. This is our writing center</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wtFeYjXvqMw/Uix318bIw6I/AAAAAAAAD9k/_lNa6O2YfSQ/s1600/20130809_091815.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wtFeYjXvqMw/Uix318bIw6I/AAAAAAAAD9k/_lNa6O2YfSQ/s320/20130809_091815.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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This is the view as you walk in the door.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z144tXZJJ-I/Uix36lJcTUI/AAAAAAAAD98/Ehq9Y7aJThw/s1600/20130809_091845.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z144tXZJJ-I/Uix36lJcTUI/AAAAAAAAD98/Ehq9Y7aJThw/s320/20130809_091845.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Another view of our writing center.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xYgUmi0JF_4/Uix38EtPVPI/AAAAAAAAD-E/WdA_Y4QTiik/s1600/20130809_091855.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xYgUmi0JF_4/Uix38EtPVPI/AAAAAAAAD-E/WdA_Y4QTiik/s320/20130809_091855.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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This is our seat work area. I used crates to create cubbies for the kids to keep their supplies in this year. They have really enjoyed having the extra storage.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UIEhyBg60xY/Uix3_XtI_fI/AAAAAAAAD-U/pEVe3j59-IY/s1600/20130809_091914.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UIEhyBg60xY/Uix3_XtI_fI/AAAAAAAAD-U/pEVe3j59-IY/s320/20130809_091914.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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This is our guided reading and small group instruction space.</div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-L2BEXvI73zM/Uix4CgWzsFI/AAAAAAAAD-k/T9Ry0ZEhjX0/s1600/20130809_091931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-L2BEXvI73zM/Uix4CgWzsFI/AAAAAAAAD-k/T9Ry0ZEhjX0/s320/20130809_091931.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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This is next to our carpet and smart board. Blocks and building manipulative are in this area as well as group games for fine motor development/problem solving and social interaction. Many of our science materials are in this area.</div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fLa1VgGT3uU/Uix4EF7kw4I/AAAAAAAAD-s/t-RRRQVDHtg/s1600/20130809_091951.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-fLa1VgGT3uU/Uix4EF7kw4I/AAAAAAAAD-s/t-RRRQVDHtg/s320/20130809_091951.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Dramatic play for math, writing, reading and social skills.</div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ym9rebEUkQ8/Uix4HUCMx-I/AAAAAAAAD-8/kh7YhDsvsKQ/s1600/20130809_092023.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ym9rebEUkQ8/Uix4HUCMx-I/AAAAAAAAD-8/kh7YhDsvsKQ/s320/20130809_092023.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Our reading area. I love our ship full of characters hanging from the ceiling.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ntn_EHpkZ4A/Uix4JNrE_XI/AAAAAAAAD_E/e9bVWvcbbeo/s1600/20130809_092013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ntn_EHpkZ4A/Uix4JNrE_XI/AAAAAAAAD_E/e9bVWvcbbeo/s320/20130809_092013.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Math and manipulative to support our math curriculum.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nrkCr6FNiW8/Uix4N9tQbdI/AAAAAAAAD_c/yT-SDksLt3s/s1600/20130809_092037.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nrkCr6FNiW8/Uix4N9tQbdI/AAAAAAAAD_c/yT-SDksLt3s/s320/20130809_092037.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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A better shot of our reading area.</div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-b7MhOFUrVMw/Uix4US1clxI/AAAAAAAAD_8/GaCvg6sjhlM/s1600/20130809_092049.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-b7MhOFUrVMw/Uix4US1clxI/AAAAAAAAD_8/GaCvg6sjhlM/s320/20130809_092049.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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Close up of the student tables and open house packets.</div>
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Technology area with internet! Whoot whoot!</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dx25_ABTBUc/Uix4KkQ3yoI/AAAAAAAAD_M/OvzjgBK7QPQ/s1600/20130809_092006.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-dx25_ABTBUc/Uix4KkQ3yoI/AAAAAAAAD_M/OvzjgBK7QPQ/s320/20130809_092006.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Student area for hanging up back packs and coats.</div>
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Sink and art supplies.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9NcOnMxOiRk/Uix4Y2Q7yoI/AAAAAAAAEAU/HE4ONu4_NKc/s1600/20130809_092131.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9NcOnMxOiRk/Uix4Y2Q7yoI/AAAAAAAAEAU/HE4ONu4_NKc/s320/20130809_092131.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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My desk. Each child has a "paw" with his/her name on it to place on the blue board if they leave the room for any reason.</div>
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Another view of the classroom.</div>
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My big bulletin board outside of the classroom where we display the student's work.</div>
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Another view of the classroom.</div>
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Outside of my room with our PBIS reminders to Be Safe, Be Responsible and Be Respectful.</div>
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I hope you enjoyed the tour of my classroom. I would love you to become a follower of my blog if you wouldn't mind taking a moment to do so. I will put my TPT store on sale when I get to 100. Thanks for taking a moment to stop by. Leave a comment and a link so I can come visit your blog. I love to visit and get knew ideas! Have a great Kindergarten Year!</div>
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Carole Dawn Arrendale</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-75115123269924439512013-09-01T18:36:00.001-07:002013-09-01T19:39:03.753-07:00A new year, a heat wave and a David Shannon inspired anchor chart<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The first six weeks of school remind me of labor and delivery. You forget how tired you are and how much it hurts (my feet mostly) so you just keep doing it again every year. By the end of the year you have forgotten about those first six weeks and how hard they are. You really are giving birth to a new group of responsible, book loving, math loving, writing loving, kind, safe and respectful school citizens. It takes a special kind of crazy to be a Kindergarten Teacher. And I love it. So I am really crazy...................about the kids!<br />
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Anyway. I always use<u><strong> David Goes To School</strong></u> by David Shannon to kick off rules and expectations. As a class we talk about what kind of rules we want to have and why. Sorry the picture isn't better and I wish I was a better artist but this works for us.<br />
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<em>They came up with the rules. The "Big 3" at our school is "Be Safe, Be Responsible and Be Respectful". This is part of our school wide PBIS program. Once they got rolling they came up with some great ideas. They really liked the picture of David getting the gold star so they wanted me to draw that one. That was hard!</em></h4>
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The start of the year has been easier this year than last year. The first year in a new grade is so hard. This year I feel like I got a better start on expectations and routines than I did last year and it is already showing. </div>
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I do not recommend moving during the first two weeks of school. Maybe that is why I was so tired! Moving and starting school is a tough combo and I hope to never do that again.</div>
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I hope everyone is having a great start to their year. I am going to be much better about posting to the blog this year. Enjoy your Labor Day Weekend. I will include this last picture to tell you what it is like here in Missouri.</div>
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<em>Take notice of the 108F in the right hand corner! Enjoy the rest of your long weekend!</em></h3>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-87186046717139655962013-06-27T10:20:00.002-07:002013-06-27T10:20:32.206-07:00Chapter Two: Book Study - Guided Reading<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #741b47;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/%3Cdiv%20align=%22center%22%3E%3Ca%20href=%22http://sharingkindergarten.blogspot">Sharing Kindergarten - Chapter Two Hostess with the Mostess</a></span><br />
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<span style="color: #741b47; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sharing Kindergarten" height="200" src="http://i294.photobucket.com/albums/mm93/jmsm0003/skbutton-2.png" title="Sharing Kindergarten" width="200" /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;">Things to consider when reading Chapter Two:</span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>What do you use for your assessments:</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>Letter Identification? </strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>Sight Words?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>Dictated Sentences?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>Writing Samples?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>Running Records?</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">I use a packet of assessments given to us by our district. We also do AIMS web four times a year and we do the CAP assessments as well. Those are the ones we HAVE to use, but I use many other things as well. I love these packets from <a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Kindergarten-Kiosk">Kindergarten Kiosk</a>.</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><img alt="Common Core Math Assessments: Kindergarten" class="js_product_small_image" src="http://mcdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/Common-Core-Math-Assessments-Kindergarten/home-151294-1.jpg" /> <img alt="Common Core English/Language Arts Assessments:Kindergarten" class="js_product_small_image" src="http://mcdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/Common-Core-EnglishLanguage-Arts-AssessmentsKindergarten/home-154445-1.jpg" /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><span style="color: black;"><strong>I use these all year long and they are really useful during parent/teacher conferences. They also really help me bump up my curriculum using the common core standards. I can find trends in my class that guide me toward what I need to spend time on teaching, what the class already knows and what they just aren't getting yet. The packets are only $5 each and they cover everything.</strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">I also start off my year using a combination of these two assessment packets and I use them as a basis for my student portfolios. The parents LOVE this and it really tracks their progress on basic skills such as numbers, writing and illustration skills.</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><img alt="Portfolio/Memory Book Template: Measuring Growth One Sampl" class="js_product_small_image" src="http://mcdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/PortfolioMemory-Book-Template-Measuring-Growth-One-Sample-at-a-Time/home-252121-1.jpg" /> This one is also by Kindergarten Kiosk</span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;"><img alt="Primarily Portfolios" class="js_product_small_image" src="http://mcdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/Primarily-Portfolios/home-132143-1.jpg" /> This one is by <a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Growing-Kinders/Type-of-Resource/Assessment">Growing Kinders</a></span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">We use popcorn words at our school. Everyone seems to call them something else, but our sight words are known as popcorn words to our students. I created all of the words on cute little popcorn kids graphics I found at <a href="http://www.scrappindoodles.com/">Scrappin' Doodles.</a></span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><img alt="Kindergarten Popcorn Words (the first fourty plus color an" class="preview-product-image" id="simple-target-1" src="http://mcdn.teacherspayteachers.com/thumbitem/Kindergarten-Popcorn-Words-the-first-fourty-plus-color-and-number-words-1372349955/medium-536420-1.jpg" /> You can get them at my store at <a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Kindergarten-Popcorn-Words-the-first-fourty-plus-color-and-number-words-536420">Kindergarten Cafeteria</a></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">We place the popcorn onto rings for the kids to use in their reading bag. We also have a giant popcorn bag on the bulletin board so when the kids master their words we place their name on a big piece of paper popcorn and they earn lunch with the teacher. We also have a big popcorn party at the end of the school year for all of the kids that master all of their words. </span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">For running records we are big into <a href="http://readingandwritingproject.com/">The New York Teachers College Reading and Writing Project</a> forms and assessments. I just spent a week at one of their trainings really learning about running records and how to analyze them to create teaching points for my students. It was life changing! I encourage you to go to their sight and prowl around. Warning, you could get lost for hours! I could go on and on about using M (meaning), S (syntax) and V (visual) for analyzing running records but you would get board reading the rest of this post. If you ever get a chance to go to one of their amazing trainings, run, don't walk to get there.</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">That is about all I have for assessments. I am still growing in this area. I am still a big fan of using plain old post-it notes to observe and take down antidotal notes. I am a picture freak and take lots of pictures to document growth and understanding. I love to record my kiddos reading and play it back for them to assess fluency. I also just stand back and watch a lot. I learn so much that way about their thinking, problem solving and understanding of a concepts. I really believe sometimes the best assessments just can't be captured on a form or document, but you have to listen and truly hear them to assess their understanding. That being said, I am a big believer in giving them time to "play" to see how they use the skills and apply them to new situations. That is when I really know if they "got it" and can "use it" or not. </span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">I also keep a classroom blog. Yes, for me that is an assessment. It is a picture and written documentation of their learning process. To see more go to <a href="http://www.funinf16.blogspot.com/">Our classroom blog at Fun in F16</a>. This gives me a visual and audio picture of how the kids are synthesizing information.</span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #741b47;"><strong><span style="color: black;">I hope you enjoyed this blog post. If so please consider following me. I would like to hit 100 followers this summer. I feel silly asking, but hey, if you don't ask you don't get. Leave me a comment so I can follow you back. Can't wait to read all of your responses. I learn so much from all of you!</span></strong></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-288045250178133312013-06-27T09:26:00.001-07:002013-06-27T09:26:41.854-07:00I am having a sale!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Come on over to my <a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Kindergarten-Cafeteria">Teachers Pay Teachers</a> store and enjoy 20% off all of my items. This is just my little way of saying Happy Summer to all of my teacher friends. I just added a new packet that has the commonly used reading strategies as posters and bookmarks to place into your student's reading bags. I am also hoping to make it to 100 followers this summer so if you would please take the time to follow my blog I would really appreciate it! I will follow you back. Let me know if you have any ideas for other teacher packets you would like to see made. I am currently working on a Super Readers pack to go with our Reading Workshop Unit on Super Reading Powers and hope to have that up next week. Thanks for all you do for kids. Enjoy your summer!<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-52705891055939609462013-06-20T17:00:00.000-07:002013-06-20T17:00:50.768-07:00Guided Reading Book Study Chapter One<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Here are my answers to the questions asked in this weeks books study.<br />
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">How do I introduce my students to read alouds? Shared reading? Independent reading?</span></h3>
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<em><strong>I actually start with reading <u>Junie B. Jones: The Stupid Smelly School Bus</u>. This helps me know what kids can hold on to information about characters, setting and plot from day to day. I find that the kids are fascinated to listen to a story about another child going through the same feelings/thoughts that they are experiencing during the first few weeks of Kindergarten. It is also a nice transition from lunch/recess back into the learning part of the day. I also get to see who can sit and listen and who is "antsy". Shared reading is usually introduced by reading alphabet poems. Our whole team uses these poems and all of the kindergarten kids are introduced to the same poems in the same order across our school. This year I am starting Reading Workshop the first week of school, starting with how to turn the pages safely and how to read "the whole time". I use a chart to track our stamina and I really will be teaching into procedures the first few weeks of school (reading the whole time, staying in one place, looking at the pictures, how to turn the pages, how to get new books and how to use post-it notes to mark interesting parts they want to remember). We use high interest books (such as David Shannon, Mo Willams) to keep them interested. We have a set of Sulzby book to use as well to teach reading strategies that they can use during independent reading to try to help them stay engaged during independent reading.</strong></em><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiZLq3qQA0IayNnnv7Dgu12km-2R-wQLZPTd9g6iAouil1sAXKLZeuGiEHSCnYflbNcLRbruPvxwP7KeYfTm50HDuUH2JXkk5HGlrKEOSm2lGY7j7maHgsvaDfdid2fo7z0V_0XAOT1t4/s1600/junie+b+jones.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiZLq3qQA0IayNnnv7Dgu12km-2R-wQLZPTd9g6iAouil1sAXKLZeuGiEHSCnYflbNcLRbruPvxwP7KeYfTm50HDuUH2JXkk5HGlrKEOSm2lGY7j7maHgsvaDfdid2fo7z0V_0XAOT1t4/s320/junie+b+jones.jpg" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7eHg0gp6pwBdPsuz7pj_9tigIcg3_EOf7PtqR8hwPbsGy8h6XM98e0fI-MQ3Ur53FJpJ0tVY4vEpn32CnEnpIARKQKf49HrRvDVpOwSyFsRm5wIZAERKdeIbfzq_DnONX8j7TLs-BFN4/s1600/51Ok9I4ryWL__BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA300_SH20_OU01_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7eHg0gp6pwBdPsuz7pj_9tigIcg3_EOf7PtqR8hwPbsGy8h6XM98e0fI-MQ3Ur53FJpJ0tVY4vEpn32CnEnpIARKQKf49HrRvDVpOwSyFsRm5wIZAERKdeIbfzq_DnONX8j7TLs-BFN4/s200/51Ok9I4ryWL__BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA300_SH20_OU01_.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Do I have my schedule set? Do I set up my literacy time in a reading workshop format? What does my RW shop time look like?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>Yes, we do have a schedule set. I am lucky that I work with a great team and we set our schedule together (more to accommodate Special Education services and Specials). We all use the Lucy Calkins Units and we are very devoted to the Reading Workshop format. I was lucky enough to attend the New York Teacher's College this week and I have so many changes I want to make regarding guided reading this year. We are still tweaking our schedule so I am not exactly sure what it will look like but we pretty much start our reading unit in the morning starting with morning meeting (speaking and listening in the common core), shared reading comes next (Sulzby work), mini-lesson, independent and partner reading, share and then we move into word work. Read aloud with accountable talk is usually after lunch/recess followed by writing workshop. Guided reading, small group instruction and conferences are done during independent/partner work time during reading workshop. We have built in some RTI time after read aloud in the afternoon before writing workshop.</em></strong></div>
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Lucy Calkins</div>
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Teachers from my school at the New York Teacher's College with the amazing staff. I am the second one from the right (as you look at the picture) on the back row.</div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">What activities will I have set up during the first six weeks to teach independence? Literacy work stations? Daily 5? Others?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>I do lots of hands-on literacy work while they are building their stamina. I use my smart board to death during the first six weeks to engage them in letter recognition and letter sound work. I love to use the Alphablocks series (you can find it on YouTube</em></strong><strong><em>)</em></strong><strong><em>,</em></strong></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/UU4FKj0OmWs?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<strong><em>songs from Have Fun Teaching</em></strong></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/hBAuIzZttP4?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
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<strong><em> on YouTube and Harry Kindergarten</em></strong></div>
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<strong><em> is another favorite. I find they stay engaged in letter sound work when I use these videos during the first six weeks. They tend to transfer that knowledge during independent reading. I have lots of STAR books available and I do tons of read alouds of those books so they are familiar and comfortable with those books during independent reading (which keeps them engaged). I also put copies of their poems we use during shared reading and copies of familiar songs in their reading bags with lots of pictures cues on them to support their ability to stay engaged in their reading independently. I do add lots of literacy work stations during this time to fill in the time that they will use for independent reading later in the year as their stamina increases. I love using play dough literacy mats, letter stamps and personal alphabet charts for them to read. We also do King and Queen of the Day work to support letter recognition and to talk about illustrations (which they do). It helps them get to know each other and to start to recognize beginning letters and sounds. I use this packet from Kindergarten Lifestyle. You can go here to get it. It is too cute and the kids love it!</em></strong></div>
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<a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/King-or-Queen-of-the-Day-Use-Student-Names-to-Learn-Letters-Programmable-277260">King or Queen of the Day Unit</a></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Reading Notebooks. How will you use these? What do you use these for?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>The first six weeks I am not sure that I am really going to use them much. I have so many procedures to teach I am not sure that this will be a priority for me at first. I do know that I want to use them possibly after the Winter Break. I will teach them to use post-it notes to mark interesting places in their books and to "jot" or sketch basic markings to remind them of their reading very early in the year. I use the notebooks more for journaling during the first part of the year to introduce them to how to use notebooks. I will read everyone else's responses to see if maybe I need to change my thinking on this topic.</em></strong></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">How do I get everything done in the allotted time?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>Attending the <a href="http://readingandwritingproject.com/about.html">New York Teachers College</a> really helped me figure out how to get everything in in the allotted time. I also think our schedule (as stated above) also helps to figure out how to fit everything in during the school day. I also have to give myself a break, especially during the first six weeks to know that some days I just will not be able to do it all. I have to pick and choose the most important things to teach at first, and procedures take the forefront. Without good procedures and a predictable schedule you CANNOT get everything in. I have developed a forgiving attitude toward getting everything in every day. I try, but I also understand that developing positive relationships with the kids and creating a safe, responsible and respectful learning environment is the most important thing during the fist quarter of kindergarten. I put more pressure on myself to get everything into the day after the first six weeks are over.</em></strong></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">How do I keep the noise level in my classroom to an appropriate level during guided reading/independent reading time?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>We do PBIS at our school and our PBIS team does an amazing job posting expectations throughout the school. We have a uniform voice level system and we practice using a level one voice (no voice), a level one voice (whispering), a level two voice (normal talking) and a level three voice (outdoor voice). We spend a lot of time practicing our voice levels during the first few weeks of school. We read our poems (shared reading) in all four voice levels. We practice whispering by touching our throats and making sure we cannot feel any vibrations in our throat when we whisper. This is a really hard skills for some of the kids to master so I even send "homework" home to sing the alphabet in a whisper! We then transfer that skill over to working times during the day. I give lots of gentle reminders when kids are using a level two or three voice when they are supposed to being using a level one voice. I also create an anchor chart with independent and partner reading expectations including voice level. I let the children model for each other as well.</em></strong></div>
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<span style="color: red;">How do I keep children from interrupting me when I am working in small groups/guided reading time?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>I have a marvelous crown I used to wear when I did not want to be interrupted but the most effective tool was when I wore my Cat in the Hat hat. It was big and bright and they could not miss it! I also actively ignore them when they talk to me when I am working in small groups. They eventually get the hint. I also teach them the sign for "I need to go to the bathroom" in sign language, that way they can let me know that they need to go without having to talk to me or me having to talk to them. </em></strong></div>
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<span style="color: red;">How do I know that children are reading self-selected books?</span></h3>
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<strong><em>When it gets loud I know they are not reading. I also have book baskets they can self select from during the first few weeks so I know they are looking at and reading STAR books and emergent readers. For those kiddos that come to me already reading I start them out with leveled readers in their book bags before I make book bags for the other kids. I also walk around A LOT during the first few weeks of school and observe and take notes on their reading habits. We talk about "just right books" to introduce the concept long before they are actually in leveled reading bags. I just keep a sharp eye and ear out fo</em>r what the kids are doing and redirect when they get off track. <em>We start out all reading at the tables together so it is easier to monitor their reading habits this way. When I see they are on task at least 80% of the time I let them start picking reading spots in the classroom and allow them to read away from the tables. They are desperate to be able to have a "reading spot" with pillows and such so that is a great motivator to keep them reading.</em></strong></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-76085326492165052252013-06-17T16:25:00.002-07:002013-06-17T16:29:04.396-07:00Summer Book Study<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
I love doing these and the topic couldn't be more timely. We started Guided Reading during Reading Workshop this year and we had a lot of questions. When I saw that Freebielicious and <a href="http://livelovelaughkindergarten.blogspot.com/2013/06/chapter-1-things-to-think-about-guided.html">Live, Love, Laugh Kindergarten</a> was hosting a book study on this topic I was so excited.<br />
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They have also listed the questions and things to think about. Here they are.</div>
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I hope you will join us for this great book study. I know I always learn so much from these book studies and summer is a great time to learn from and connect with other teachers. Enjoy!</div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-50619620079032268132013-06-10T20:24:00.001-07:002013-06-10T20:24:42.905-07:00almost firsties: Writing Prompts<a href="http://almostfirsties.blogspot.com/2013/06/writing-prompts.html?spref=bl">almost firsties: Writing Prompts</a>: I took some cool pictures on vacation that I thought I would share. Next time your kids tell you that they don't know what to write a...<br />
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You might want to jump over to our Avoiding the Summer Slide blog our kindergarten team is doing this year for our Almost First Graders. I have some pictures you can use for writing prompts if you are doing a similar type of blog for your kiddos. I am really hoping the families are using the blog (two weeks and we already have 125 page views so I think that is pretty good). I hope you enjoy the post. Enjoy your summer.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQR8rclQZUA2mH-WOHqdXHNeliuyd7dOOvNRpYPf67wNyKglmTtX7HKubj_EVWvYwP5masVWXTziVgzzYJsIXKLZFek5yxUx6n70vXBj8ZCl6QGvFrUyq7bQ8dgNF-_QdhxrPbLVQH9b0/s1600/20130603_072831.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQR8rclQZUA2mH-WOHqdXHNeliuyd7dOOvNRpYPf67wNyKglmTtX7HKubj_EVWvYwP5masVWXTziVgzzYJsIXKLZFek5yxUx6n70vXBj8ZCl6QGvFrUyq7bQ8dgNF-_QdhxrPbLVQH9b0/s320/20130603_072831.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-6936409835596684482013-06-10T20:13:00.001-07:002013-06-10T20:13:21.781-07:00almost firsties: The Night Before First Grade - Read | We Give Book...<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW3RZEYpqT2uQIm7zWhdVlBUQP7qhGjDLhmSFpmfWn52kgcu4tvbRqyK_jzsWtobB0jp8buqENHjResynRHfa83TObfsCp316IhwxSwNQjTon9wFSNcc9x7IvqNIaVx3xAoUyNmOSxMXA/s1600/large_the-night-before-first-grade_001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW3RZEYpqT2uQIm7zWhdVlBUQP7qhGjDLhmSFpmfWn52kgcu4tvbRqyK_jzsWtobB0jp8buqENHjResynRHfa83TObfsCp316IhwxSwNQjTon9wFSNcc9x7IvqNIaVx3xAoUyNmOSxMXA/s1600/large_the-night-before-first-grade_001.jpg" /></a></div><br />
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<a href="http://almostfirsties.blogspot.com/2013/06/the-night-before-first-grade-read-we.html?spref=bl">almost firsties: The Night Before First Grade - Read | We Give Book...</a>: The Night Before First Grade - Read | We Give Books Just click the link above for a great read for your Almost Firstie! This website has ...Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-33156897984512294842013-05-26T17:20:00.001-07:002013-05-26T17:20:27.084-07:00First Year is over<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Ummm, where did the year go? It seems like yesterday I was just starting this Kindergarten journey and now the room is packed up, tears have been shed over letting my first group of Kinder Kids go. I have such mixed feelings about the year being over. I am looking forward to this time off to create learning materials, organize and rest. I am missing the kids. We became extremely close this year. The families were amazing!<br />
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My big summer project is running a new blog called Almost Firsties (also at blogspot). We are hoping to keep the dreaded Summer Slide from happening to our Almost First Graders! All six of us Kinder Teachers at our school have committed ourselves to doing everything we can this summer to help the kids keep or exceed their last day of school reading, math and writing skills. So, after vacation next week I will be adding all kinds of stuff to the blog. I have a great first post about summer slide up for the families. Feel free to follow the blog and recommend it to your parents if you think it is something that would help you. You can find it at <a href="http://www.almostfirsties.blogspot.com/">Almost Firsties</a>. <br />
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So, for now, I am trying to adjust to not having five thousand things that have to be done before Kindergarten Graduation, last report cards, check out and all of the other things that had to be done last week. I think it is going to take a while to adjust.<br />
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I am looking forward to blog stalking all of you this summer. I haven't had time to do much of that but I am looking forward to having some time to do lots of that! I am also going to be updating this blog much more often. The first year as a Kindergarten kept me hopping and I didn't have much extra time for blogging. I think I will have more time for that now that I know what to expect (well kind of) in Kindergarten next year. The first year in a new grade was so exciting and terrifying! I hope now that I have a year under my belt and a better understanding of Reading Workshop, Writing Workshop and Common Core I will be able to balance my life a little better. Thanks for hanging in there with me this year. I hope you all have a great summer!<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-aZtrJtQY5Hg/UaKmc5AGLsI/AAAAAAAAC9E/yE2F8wQlsDg/s1600/photo.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-aZtrJtQY5Hg/UaKmc5AGLsI/AAAAAAAAC9E/yE2F8wQlsDg/s640/photo.JPG" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Me, as the Cat in the Hat for Read Across America Day</td></tr>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-12128771646723022382013-03-03T07:20:00.001-08:002013-03-03T07:20:41.454-08:00St. Patty's Day packet and blog hop<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Here is my newest product for St. Patrick's Day. I think this one is too cute and I can't wait to start using it in my classroom this week! I love St. Patrick's Day and everything that goes with it! I hope you enjoy this packet! My the luck of the Irish be with you this month!<br />
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<a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/St-Pats-Day-Literacy-Pack-Pre-K-Kindergarten-and-First-Grade">http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/St-Pats-Day-Literacy-Pack-Pre-K-Kindergarten-and-First-Grade</a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo7BKjbBKjdaO0MVXEhmWUEZ-EiNDkkxLGBa5vcEIVu_6RNF_0FWv6grFQbTKPkq45cWjeDrwDVGu1tLvkWWFHFHg6BM9SdrWKRfSTpx03jx_vrviu4XOvwabKfHu_7yexV_PpkNb7zBE/s1600/st.+pats+picture.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo7BKjbBKjdaO0MVXEhmWUEZ-EiNDkkxLGBa5vcEIVu_6RNF_0FWv6grFQbTKPkq45cWjeDrwDVGu1tLvkWWFHFHg6BM9SdrWKRfSTpx03jx_vrviu4XOvwabKfHu_7yexV_PpkNb7zBE/s1600/st.+pats+picture.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN5ktl0Y9XP197ByGxZN6x5kQeRwjNr7-T9tDqq40_Y9AaUovzbh2gFlQknayXT2n32D5FI_5rmp8Cs5veOip9Y3ctqrtOjgBWORXjjlVnd5kRseixEPT-EEgD_9a8cSesFbm0Htsfs8g/s1600/medium-566415-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN5ktl0Y9XP197ByGxZN6x5kQeRwjNr7-T9tDqq40_Y9AaUovzbh2gFlQknayXT2n32D5FI_5rmp8Cs5veOip9Y3ctqrtOjgBWORXjjlVnd5kRseixEPT-EEgD_9a8cSesFbm0Htsfs8g/s1600/medium-566415-2.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVmbUVf6CYHeGnyOPQx9JuJDvWfwAaL-7PQttRA0vGFpnfZi_bLCsHVCAA0t3zuIJw_ilSDurzpDUwucyfL1JVaTf0sgZ-5P0No7QPgdyjx3HbChLILawaev1H_otc7iUKGa2EoUmkOh8/s1600/medium-566415-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVmbUVf6CYHeGnyOPQx9JuJDvWfwAaL-7PQttRA0vGFpnfZi_bLCsHVCAA0t3zuIJw_ilSDurzpDUwucyfL1JVaTf0sgZ-5P0No7QPgdyjx3HbChLILawaev1H_otc7iUKGa2EoUmkOh8/s1600/medium-566415-3.jpg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgnbbaMh6_E5AN4qmGCgU9LOeXnOPbsXwRtq9cRjMCKtkdTaLDQBI24Orkbc5ecPGMUKxKPwipP6cF0L8tWRslfZovkxXdvmAl738GjCW2JMfzgIIQl8R5tFG2XEirkCAg8cox2d9vTNM/s1600/medium-566415-4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgnbbaMh6_E5AN4qmGCgU9LOeXnOPbsXwRtq9cRjMCKtkdTaLDQBI24Orkbc5ecPGMUKxKPwipP6cF0L8tWRslfZovkxXdvmAl738GjCW2JMfzgIIQl8R5tFG2XEirkCAg8cox2d9vTNM/s1600/medium-566415-4.jpg" /></a><br />
click on the link above to see more of what is in this packet! Enjoy and keep on blog hopping!<br />
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Click on the link below to go to Sharing Kindergarten to join the St. Patty's Day Blog Hop!<br />
<a href="http://www.sharingkindergarten.com/2013/03/st-patricks-day-product-linky-party.html">http://www.sharingkindergarten.com/2013/03/st-patricks-day-product-linky-party.html</a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkLUzThdAAosU4gxMaDiIddg-F03YwIiYy1GjBH1vWpMlQ66Sy6yh_jYvafRfpoE6_Grmwq8fBXlpE6zjsZgAEi9gZX2u82XT_tE6IQ7Cgl6HYlUE_qofau4dtW67SGOeOtBG2Kj4E8EA/s1600/linky.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" closure_uid_888100206="3" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkLUzThdAAosU4gxMaDiIddg-F03YwIiYy1GjBH1vWpMlQ66Sy6yh_jYvafRfpoE6_Grmwq8fBXlpE6zjsZgAEi9gZX2u82XT_tE6IQ7Cgl6HYlUE_qofau4dtW67SGOeOtBG2Kj4E8EA/s320/linky.png" width="320" /></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-5956313240301513892013-02-24T09:22:00.001-08:002013-02-24T09:22:07.836-08:00Why Can't I Skip My 20 Minutes of Reading Tonight?<a href="http://www.usd343.net/vnews/display.v/ART/5060992ac7eb2#.USpLlWaMkZs.blogger">Perry Public Schools USD343 - Why Can't I Skip My 20 Minutes of Reading Tonight?</a><br />
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I found this really cool visual to help explain why I am always sending the "don't forget to read" emails to you guys! <br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcLmDQ6_lIkvJR_7hfsgmeZo7R2GnYt2qBoxbnPrsEdEN52HZjFJTmt8jXcsSKA0QWJKMrPCgym6ZNnk0YVh28j1bpn0RjIdSc6rIE_irq_CwjZOfm0KcYxerPLxSeQ0FHLH4CAsRY-e0/s1600/skip+reading.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcLmDQ6_lIkvJR_7hfsgmeZo7R2GnYt2qBoxbnPrsEdEN52HZjFJTmt8jXcsSKA0QWJKMrPCgym6ZNnk0YVh28j1bpn0RjIdSc6rIE_irq_CwjZOfm0KcYxerPLxSeQ0FHLH4CAsRY-e0/s1600/skip+reading.jpg" /></a></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-65706089434258588762013-02-22T15:35:00.000-08:002013-02-22T15:35:15.326-08:00New Seuss Inspired Literacy Pack on TPT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Here is another Seuss Inspired Literacy Unit I have posted on TPT.<br />
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<a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Seuss-Inspired-Literacy-Pack-Pre-K-Kindergarten-and-First-Grade">click here to see this new product!</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidYRqxdIJDGvsQsfid5tGEdR_hPq4ROpuLqcC3FIbb608NrWmafk5l55uliZmovjNGGR3GKMeWniAhsdtfVaUCoGyoZ0yOBBIu5Tpzp04Z0cF2E8W4UzDP1X25yXStKhOZAJfUCoF7_to/s1600/sf11_boy1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidYRqxdIJDGvsQsfid5tGEdR_hPq4ROpuLqcC3FIbb608NrWmafk5l55uliZmovjNGGR3GKMeWniAhsdtfVaUCoGyoZ0yOBBIu5Tpzp04Z0cF2E8W4UzDP1X25yXStKhOZAJfUCoF7_to/s1600/sf11_boy1.gif" /></a></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-74335281868742198102013-02-18T13:17:00.000-08:002013-02-18T13:18:50.692-08:00Some new stuff at my store and our 100th Day<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Wow have I ever been behind on blogging this school year. Amazing how changing to a different grade at a different school can make you feel like a first year teacher all over again! So, I thought I would take a break from lesson planning and such and post about some of the things I have created for the upcoming units.<br />
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<a href="http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/St-Pats-Day-Literacy-Pack-Pre-K-Kindergarten-and-First-Grade">St. Pat's Day Literacy Packet</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8P2rDNzBNahqI4NyW9sYZ2lVja2xs6uclGZgK0OQAP-Lsc170GK3yLcynai8cEhyphenhyphenWm9jN25pOBSthqq2XLEo62Z5BKogphlASx5gFc_3nx4Uq2i9WYZ48QHOGmFuvE749EPCtxJWHr-c/s1600/stp_kid2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8P2rDNzBNahqI4NyW9sYZ2lVja2xs6uclGZgK0OQAP-Lsc170GK3yLcynai8cEhyphenhyphenWm9jN25pOBSthqq2XLEo62Z5BKogphlASx5gFc_3nx4Uq2i9WYZ48QHOGmFuvE749EPCtxJWHr-c/s320/stp_kid2.jpg" width="185" /></a></div>
I also added a Dr. Seuss inspired packet but Teachers Pay Teachers is having some issues and I am not sure it uploaded correctly. I will recheck it a little later.<br />
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We had our 100th day of school. We had so much fun. Some of the kids dressed up and many of the teachers dressed like we were 100. Here I am. I am not going to age well am I?<br />
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Here are some of the pictures they drew of what they thought they would look like when they are 100 years old. Some of these cracked me up!<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This little guy drew himself as an "old French guy". I have no idea where that came from, but he was certain that he was going to be French when he got old. I am also digging the mustache!</td></tr>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-21092258042425565682012-12-16T07:23:00.002-08:002012-12-16T07:23:32.840-08:00Where do we go from here?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This is the post I created for my parents on our private classroom blog. I thought I would share. It is long and rambling, but it helped me prepare for tomorrow when it is my job to make the children and their families feel safe coming back to school. Thank you for reading. Good luck tomorrow!<br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>Were do we go from here? After the school shooting, after the images, the shock, the rage, the disbelief, the terror, the tears, the thoughts of home schooling our children to keep them near us. Were do we go?</em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>I believe we have several choices after witnessing such unimaginable events. We have been shown the victims, heard the stats, watched the coverage, heard from the "experts", and still our hearts are breaking. But Monday brings another school day. The attendance will be taken, reading workshop will be taught, PE, Music, Art will go on and the job of teaching and learning will go on. I promise you that I will address their fears, reassure them that they are safe, I will educate your children to the best of my ability and I will provide opportunities for them to laugh and enjoy the wonders of this season. </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>What do we do tomorrow as teachers? We provide your child with the routines that they are used to so they feel secure in knowing what comes next. We challenge your children to solve problems so they never feel powerless and hopeless. We provide them with the opportunity to be safe and successful academically so they can read and write and add and research so they always have the power to solve their own problems in a productive way. We broaden their minds so they can learn compassion and caring for themselves and their fellow humans. We teach tolerance, compassion and understanding to those that are different. We teach them that school is a safe place to make mistakes, to try again, to find answers, to find solutions, to find a sense of meaningful community with their peers and with the adults they encounter each day. We teach them to be responsible for their actions, to be kind to others, and to realize that they are interconnected to each and every person they come across each day. We teach them to grow, to express themselves and to seek out meaningful friendships so they never feel isolated or alone. We teach them to try their best, to never give up and to never feel defeated. We allow them to fail, to pick themselves back up and try again. We hug them, love them, protect them, cherish each child and make each moment special. We allow them to be themselves, celebrating their unique gifts. We challenge them to grow, academically and emotionally. </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>What do we do as parents? We hug our child extra tight before they go to school. We make sure the last thing we say each time we leave our children is "I love you very much". We don't worry about the fact that they want to wear the "crazy" outfit they picked out but instead we praise their independence and creativity. We don't waste time worrying about being five minutes late, but take the extra time to listen to the story they are telling us. We realize that each moment with our children is precious. We watch them sleep for a while. We sing with them loudly in the car. We read books with them even if we are bone tired. We set the example for them in our personal lives by not yelling at our significant others, using kind words, not cursing at the slow driver in front of us while our children are in our cars, not saying unkind things about ourselves in front of our children (like I am so fat, or stupid, or whatever negative tapes we play without thinking about it). We realize that our children learn from us so we become the adults that we want our children to grow up to be. We reassure them that they are going to a safe place to learn and that they don't need fear going to school (even though we want to home school them now just to keep them with us and keep them safe). We allow them to make mistakes and teach them that failure is not the end of the world, but just a step toward success. We get up a little early tomorrow to make pancakes and we take the time to listen to their fears and reassure them. We laugh. We drive around and look at the Christmas lights tomorrow night. We drink hot chocolate and watch Christmas specials. We read "just one more book" before they go to sleep. We help them with their homework, go over popcorn words, make them practice their hand writing even though we are so tired we just want to go to bed. We realize that the more we teach them the more powerful they will become academically, emotionally and physically so we give them a sense of accomplishment, belonging and power. We make them clean their rooms so they feel a sense of responsibility for their actions. We reward them for good choices so they feel good internally about making the right choice. We don't yell when they make a bad choice but help them figure out how they could have made a better choice. We don't allow ugliness between family members, but have family meetings to calmly and rationally solve problems. We empower them to make choices, celebrate their successes and encourage and support them when they fail. We hug them and send them to school tomorrow even though sending them to school is the last thing we want to do. We hid our fear so they can feel safe and secure. We pray, we hope and we believe in the good in the world, even though our heads and hearts are reeling at the senselessness of one selfish act committed so far away, yet so close to home. We, as a family, figure out how we can help those that are hurting around us in our community, no matter how much or how little we have. We connect, we learn, we grow so our children can follow our example so they can learn how to handle the difficult times that will arise over their life time.</em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>As students, what do we do tomorrow? We express our fears, know that the adults in our lives will listen and reassure us. We work hard, always giving our best because that makes us feel proud of ourselves. We listen to our teachers because we know that they will keep us safe. We follow directions, because one day we (God forbid) our lives may depend on following our teachers directions immediately to stay safe. We play, we laugh, we love our learning activities and always give our best effort. We say kind words to our friends. We say kind words to those that are not our friends. We use our words to express our feelings. We don't give up when a task is difficult. We run, play, laugh, and find joy in being at school. We keep going. We keep learning. We keep trying our best. We never give up. We enjoy each moment without worrying about horrible things. We know that our school is a special place and that each adult will keep us safe, emotionally and physically.</em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>How do we go on? We just do. It is the best thing we can do. Are we afraid? Probably. Should we be? Probably not! In times like these we have a choice to become overwhelmed by the senselessness in the world, or we make a vow to become a role model, a positive force within our own families, our own communities and in the world. Do I believe this? Absolutely! I can let this cripple me or I can use it as an opportunity to become a better teacher, mentor, mother, sister, friend, daughter and stranger to those I have never met. Is it hard? Yes. Can it be done? Yes. </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em> </em></strong></span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>I want each of you to know that I will do everything in my power tomorrow to reassure your child that they are safe and secure at school. I will become an even better teacher, friend and role model to your children. I promise I will do everything possible make tomorrow positive. Thank you for allowing me to be part of your child's life. Thank you for trusting me, and the school with our child's emotional, physical and academic security. Thank you for being so involved in your child's education that they know the adults in their lives are working together for their future. Thank you for allowing your child to come to school tomorrow. Call me if you need to. Email me. Do whatever you need to do to feel comfortable with your child leaving the safety and security of your home tomorrow. But please, hug them, tell them to have a great day, let them know that their world is still safe and secure, and then tell them that you love them and you will see them after school. The world goes on. There is much to learn. Thank you for trusting all of us at school to keep your child safe. Enjoy your day with your family. Each day is a precious gift. Celebrate each child and adult whose live was lost on Friday by making this day amazing. Realize that your job as a parent is so rewarding, so critically important and so impactful on your child. Laugh more than you cry, smile more than you frown, and make sure your words are kind, your rules are fair and firm, and your expectations for yourself and your child are high. Provide them with a "safe place to fall" and I will do the same!</em></strong></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4607677778554860378.post-20490216609867887952012-12-10T18:02:00.000-08:002012-12-10T18:02:10.849-08:00Our Elf on the Shelf<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The first thing the children do when they come in each day is look for Trinity, our Elf. They don't take off their coats, hang up their book bags or even say hello to me (OK, some do, followed by "Where's Trinity?"). It is so much fun. Let me share some photos with you.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Taking a little nap after a long flight back from the North Pole!</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">I found Trinity taking a bubble bath in my coffee cup! The kids thought this was too funny!</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This morning Trinity was sporting a new sweater and hat. She also left us a note! She is hanging out on the Smart Board watching all the awesome kids!<br />
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<em> I got this cute little chalk board from World Market this weekend. I also found a lot of minitures that I am going to us as props for our Elf all week. I got little mixing bowls and wisk (she is going to be making gingerbread cookies!), little colored pencils, miniture gingerbread men and a few other little goodies. Thought I would share my find with you.</em></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0